乳腺癌术后皮下积液的预防及两种不同引流方法的疗效分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌术后皮下积液的原因、预防方法及两种不同引流方法的疗效.方法 回顾性分析第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所乳腺甲状腺外科2010年1月-2016年9月行乳腺癌改良根治术的2 100例发生皮下积液68例患者的临床资料.其中1 032例采用维斯第负压封闭引流技术,1 068例采用迪诺保伤口高负压引流系统,均未采用弹力绷带加压包扎.结果 2100例中,发生皮下积液68例,占3.2％,其中纵切口48例,横切口20例.1 068例伤口高负压引流系统引流中,发生皮下积液36例,其中切口感染28例,皮瓣坏死8例;术后拔管时间8～36 d,平均12 d:1 032例维斯第负压封闭引流技术引流中发生皮下积液32例,其中切口感染22例,皮瓣坏死10例;术后拔管时间6～12d,平均8d.全部病例随访3个月后,均无皮下积液及腋窝积液发生.结论 充分的引流是预防皮下积液的关键,维斯第负压封闭引流和伤口高负压引流均能有效减少皮下积液的发生.但维斯第负压封闭引流更适用于渗出较多,潜行腔隙较大、较深,尤其是感染、脓肿的伤口.

Prevention of subcutaneous effusion after breast cancer surgery and curative effect analysis on two different drainage methods

Objective To investigate the cause,prevention methods and curative effect on two different drainage methods of subcutaneous effusion after breast cancer surgery.Methods The clinical data of 68 cases subcutaneous effusion among 2 100 cases underwent breast cancer modified radical surgery in our hospitial were analyzed retrospectively from January 2010 to December 2016.The vacuum sealing drainage was performed in 1 032 cases and wound high negative pressure drainage system was performed in 1068 casess.Both the elastic bandage compresstion dressing didn't used.Results In 2 100 cases,68 cases of subcutaneous effusion occured (3.2％),including longitudinal incision 48 cases and transverse incision 20 cases.Among 1 068 cases of high negative pressure drainagesystem,subcutaneous effusion occured in 36 cases including 28 cases of incisional infection and 8 cases of skin flap necrosis.The extuhation time was 8-36 days,average 12 days.Among 1 032 cases of vacuum sealing drainage,subcutaneous effusion occured in 32 cases including 22 cases of incisional infection,10 cases of skin flap necrosis.The extubation time was 6-12 days,average 8 days.All cases were followed up for 3 months,no subcutaneous effusion and axillary effusion occurred.Conclusions Adequate drainage is the key to prevent subcutaneous effusion.Both vacuum sealing drainage and wound high negative pressure drainage can effectively reduce the occurrence of subcutaneous effusion,however,vacuum sealing drainage is more suitable for wounds with more exudation,larger lacuna and deeper incisions,especially the infected wound and abscess.