成都市2010-2015年机采血小板献血者的调查研究

目的 探讨成都市2010-2015年机采血小板捐献现状及其变化趋势,为制定机采血小板采集计划、献血者招募方案和指导临床用血提供科学依据.方法 选择2010-2015年,于成都市血液中心捐献机采血小板的73 106人次无偿献血者为研究对象.通过本中心血站信息管理系统查询、收集及整理机采血小板献血者的年龄、性别、献血人次等资料,计算2010-2015年成都市机采血小板献血人次的发展速度和增长速度,并且采用统计学方法比较不同性别及年龄机采血小板献血者的构成比差异.结果 ①2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血人次由6 798人次增加至17 684人次,累计绝对增加量为10 866人次,年平均增长量为2 173人次,年平均增长速度为21.1％.2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血人次环比增长速度分别为22.4％、28.4％、31.1％、11.6％和13.2％,其中2012年和2013年环比增长速度较高.②2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血者中,男性献血者为52 650人次(72.02％),女性为20 456人次(27.98％),各年男性献血者均多于女性,并且所占比例均＞60％,其中2014年男性献血者所占比例最高,为76.88％(12 010/15 622).2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血者性别构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(x2 =691.483,P＜0.001).③2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血者中,各年均以18～25岁人群为主要机采血小板献血人群,其中2010年机采血小板献血者中,18～25岁献血人群所占比例最高,为62.80％(4 269/6 798).2010-2015年,18～25岁机采血小板献血者所占比例呈下降趋势,而＞25～30岁和＞30～35岁机采血小板献血者所占比例均呈增加趋势.自2012年起,有年龄为＞55～60岁献血者参与机采血小板献血,2012-2015年该年龄段机采血小板献血者各年所占比例分别为0.46％(49/4 561)、1.09％(153/14 002)、1.42％(222/15 622)及1.19％(210/17 684).2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血者不同年龄构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=2 542.556,P＜0.001).结论 2010-2015年,成都市机采血小板献血人次呈逐年增加趋势,各年机采血小板献血者均以男性多于女性,且以18～25岁人群为主要机采血小板献血人群.应根据成都市机采血小板捐献特点,制定科学的机采血小板采集计划和献血者招募方案,确保为临床提供充足、安全的机采血小板制品.

Investigation on apheresis platelet donors in Chengdu from 2010 to 2015

Objective To investigate the current situation and trend of apheresis platelet donation in Chengdu from 2010 to 2015,in order to provide scientific bases for apheresis platelet collection plan,apheresis platelet donors enrollment plans and guidance of blood transfusion.Methods From 2010 to 2015,a total of 73 106 donors who donated apheresis platelet in Chengdu Blood Center were selected as research subjects.The information management system of blood bank was used to collect apheresis platelet donors' information including age,gender,and number of blood donation.The speeds of development and increase were used to describe the developing trend of apheresis platelet donors in Chengdu form 2010 to 2015,and statistical methods were used to compare the differences of composition ratios of different genders and ages of apheresis platelet donors form 2010 to 2015.Results ① From 2010 to 2015,the number of apheresis platelet donation in Chengdu increased from 6 798 cases to 17 684 cases,with an absolute increase of 10 866 cases,and an annual average increase of 2 173 cases,and the annual average increase rate was 21.1％.From 2010 to 2015,the link growth rate of each year was 22.4％,28.4％,31.1％,11.6％ and 13.2％ respectively,among which the link growth rates in 2012 and 2013 were higher than those in other years.② From 2010 to 2015,among the apheresis platelet donors in Chengdu,male apheresis platelet donors (72.02％,52 650/73 106) were more than female (27.98％,20 456/73 106),and the proportions of male donors were all more than 60％ in each year.Among them,proportion of male donors was the highest in 2014,accounted for 76.88％ (12 010/15 622).There was significant difference of gender ratios of apheresis platelet donors from 2010 to 2015 (x2 =691.483,P＜0.001).③) From 2010 to 2015,among the apheresis platelet donors in Chengdu,18-25 years old donors were the main apheresis platelet donors,especially in 2010,the proportion of 18-25 years old apheresis platelet donors was 62.80％ (4 269/6 798).From 2010 to 2015,the proportion of 18-25 years old apheresis platelet donors decreased gradually,and the proportions of apheresis platelet donors in ＞ 25-30 years old and ＞ 30-35 years old groups increased gradually.From 2012,blood donors with the age of ＞55-60 years old participated in apheresis donation team,the proportions of each year from 2012 to 2015 were 0.46％ (49/4 561),1.09％ (153/14 002),1.42％ (222/15 622) and 1.19％ (210/17 684),respectively.There was significant difference of age composition ratios of apheresis platelet donors from 2010 to 2015 (x2 =2 542.556,P＜0.001).Conclusions The apheresis platelet donation increases year by year in Chengdu from 2010 to 2015.In each year,male apheresis platelet donors are more than female and 18-25 years old apheresis platelet donors are the main apheresis platelet donors Based on the characteristics of apheresis platelet donation in Chengdu,scientific apheresis platelet collection plan and apheresis platelet donors recruitment program should be established,in order to ensure the provision of adequate and safe apheresis platelet for clinic.