四川省6岁以下儿童营养与健康状况分析

目的了解四川省农村6岁以下儿童的营养与健康状况，为进一步实施儿童营养干预提供科学依据。方法利用整群随机抽样的方法，有效抽取2852名6岁以下儿童，对其营养与健康状况进行调查。采用WHO营养不良诊断标准，对儿童体格发育进行评价。结果受调查儿童年龄别身高（HA）、年龄别体重（WA）、身高别体重（WH）Z评分分别为-0．95、-0．72、-0．13，生长发育迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率、贫血患病率分别为17．5％、9．7％、2．I％和17．7％，从年龄看1岁以前儿童生长发育迟缓、低体重、消瘦患病率较低，1岁以后相对较高，生长发育迟缓、低体重患病率在1岁前后存在显著性差异。儿童6个月内母乳喂养率、混合喂养率、人工喂养率分别为61．6％、32．5％和5．9％。结论四川省农村6岁以下儿童营养与健康状况不容乐观，以1岁组儿童营养问题较为突出，应尽早采取干预措施。

Nutrition and Health Status of Children Under 6 Years in Sichuan Rural Areas

Objective To investigate the nutrition and health status of children under 6 years in Sichuan rural areas, and to provide basis for the further interventions. Methods Using a stratified cluster randomly sampling method, 2 852 children under 6 years were selected from 30 villages of 5 counties to make a survey for the nutrition and health status. Reference standard of WHO was used to assess children＇s growth and development. Results Children＇s HAZ, WAZ, WHZ were - 0. 95, - 0. 72, - 0. 13, respectively. The rates of stunning, underweight, thinness, anemia were 17.5%, 9. 7%, 2. 1% and 17.7% respectively. There were lower prevalence rates of stunning, underweight, thinness among children under 1 year than the children more than 1 year. There were significant differences on the rates of stunning and underweight between the children under 1 year and the children more than 1 year. The rates of breast-feeding, partial breast-feeding, bottle-feeding of infant under six months were 61.6%, 32. 5% and 5.9% respectively. Conclusion The nutrition and health status of children under 6 years in Sichuan rural areas is not ideal, and the status of children who are 1 - 2 years is extrusive. Intervention measures should be taken.