应用螺旋CT诊断不典型气管异物病例的价值探讨

目的探讨螺旋CT在不典型小儿支气管异物中的诊断价值。方法对11例没有明确异物吸入史,长期误诊为“支气管哮喘”和“支气管炎”的患儿进行支气管螺旋CT的冠扫和轴扫诊断,并与气管镜检查结果相比较。结果11例患儿螺旋CT显示右侧支气管异物4例,左侧支气管异物6例,主气管异物1例。11例患儿在全麻下行支气管镜检查及异物取出术,其中右侧支气管花生米异物2例,西瓜子2例,左侧支气管西瓜子异物5例,葵瓜子1例,主气管异物1例完整西瓜子一枚。与螺旋CT结果一致。结论小儿支气管异物在螺旋CT扫描上有较为特征性表现,对不明原因的反复咳喘和呼吸道感染的患儿可首选支气管CT检查,排除有无气管异物。

The application of spiral CT scan in diagnosis of untypical bronchus foreign body

Objective To probe into the value of spiral CT for the diagnosis of untypical tracheobronchial foreign body of the children. Methods Compare the results of spiral of CT coronal scan and axial scan with the bronchoscopy inspection of 11 patients who had no clear history of foreign body and had been misdiagnosed as “bronchitis”or“bronchus asthma”.Results Among the results of spiral CT about the 11 cases were performed bronchoscopy exam under general anesthesia. The results of spiral CT scan and bronchoscopy examination were same, in which, four foreign bodies located in the right side of bronchus, six foreign bodies in the left side of bronchus and one foreign body in the main trachea. The kind of foreign bodies were 2cases of peanut kernel and 2 cases of watermelon seeds in the right side bronchus, 5 cases of watermelon seeds and one case of sunflower seed in the left side bronchus, one case of intact watermelon seed in the main trachea. Conclusion The appearances of Child's bronchial and tracheobronchial foreign body in spiral CT scan is characteristic, so it is necessary to perform spiral CT scan of bronchus in the patients who have unidentified reason of repeated respiratory infection or repeated cough and asthma.