长期运动性疲劳与运动缺乏对Wistar大鼠神经内分泌系统的不同影响

目的: 观察长期运动性疲劳与运动缺乏2种不同状态对机体神经内分泌系统的影响。方法: 60只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组:正常对照组、运动性疲劳模型组、运动缺乏模型组,每组20只。采用“基础饮食复合负重游泳”方法(2周)建立运动性疲劳大鼠模型;采用“限制活动”方法建立运动缺乏大鼠模型,时间共计10周。实验结束后测定大鼠爬杆时间、双抗夹心ELISA法测定各组大鼠下丘脑促甲状腺激素释放激素(thyrotropin-releasing hormone,TRH)及血清去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、肾上腺素(epinephrin,E)含量;放射免疫均相竞争法测定下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(corticotropin releasing hormone,CRH)、垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotrophic hormone,ACTH)与促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)以及血清皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(triiodothyronine, T3)、甲状腺素(tetraiodothyronine,T4)含量,以评价交感神经－肾上腺髓质系统、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical, HPA)轴、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid, HPT)轴功能。结果: 2模型组大鼠爬杆时间明显缩短;运动性疲劳模型组大鼠交感神经－肾上腺髓质系统与HPA轴功能抑制,HPT轴无变化;运动缺乏模型组大鼠HPA轴功能亢进、HPT轴功能抑制,交感神经－肾上腺髓质系统无变化。结论: 长期运动性疲劳与运动缺乏均能影响机体神经内分泌系统,导致其调节机制失衡,但二者的作用靶标及趋势不同。

Effects of sport fatigue and poverty of movement on neuroendocrine system in Wistar rats

AIM: To observe the different changes of neuroendocrine systems between the state of sport fatigue and poverty of movement. METHODS: 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, sport fatigue model group and poverty of movement model group (20 rats in each group). The sport fatigue model was established by the method of combining basal diet and loaded swimming during 2 weeks, whereas the method of restricted activities was used to establish the poverty of movement model with total experimental time of 10 weeks. By the end of experiment, the climbing pole time was determined. The contents of hypothalamus thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), and serum norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) in rats with different treatments were determined by ELISA. In addition, the changes of hypothalamus corticotropin release hormone (CRH), pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and serum corticosterone (CORT), triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4) were determined by radioimmunoassay to evaluate the functions of adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. RESULTS: Compared to control group, the climbing pole time of the animals was obviously decreased in two model group. The adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system and HPA axis were inhibited in sport fatigue model rats, but HPT axis was unchanged. Interestingly, the HPA axis was hyperfunctional and HPT axis was inhibited in poverty of movement model rats. However, no change in the adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system was observed. CONCLUSION: Sport fatigue and poverty of movement all affect neuroendocrine system and lead to the adjustment mechanism imbalance, but the target and tendency are different.