Pre- and post-treatment urinary tract findings in children with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Background

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by the kidney’s inability to concentrate urine, which causes intense polyuria that may lead to urinary tract dilation. We report the morphological findings of the urinary tract in ten boys with NDI specifically addressing the presence and changes of urinary tract dilation during treatment.

Diagnosis/treatment

Patients were diagnosed at a median age of 1.6 years (range, 0.16–6.33 years) and treated with a low osmotic diet, hydrochlorothiazide-amiloride and indomethacin, which decreased the diuresis from a median of 10.5 ml/kg/h to 4.4 ml/kg/h (p?Conclusions Medical treatment of the disease improved the dilation in all cases, preventing its potential complications. Regardless of the good outcome of our patients, periodic urologic follow-up is recommended in NDI patients.