防护栏加工制作行业的职业健康研究

目的：为了解防护栏加工制作行业的职业健康状况，提出预防其工人职业病损的有效措施。方法对79家防护栏加工作坊的146名工人（暴露组）进行问卷调查、作业场所进行现场调查、职业危害因素进行现场检测；对暴露组和54家企业153名行政后勤人员（对照组）进行体检。结果暴露组的职业卫生知识知晓率和职业防护率均较低，分别为8.9%和11.6%，作业场所噪声强度超标率为72.2%、电焊烟尘浓度超标率为32.9%；暴露组的肺部X线表现异常检出率、听力异常检出率、眼炎检出率、手指细小震颤检出率及血锰浓度均高于对照组，其差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论防护栏加工制作行业存在很多职业隐患，应加强职业卫生防护。

Research on occupation health of the guard rail manufacture industry

Objective To understand occupation health present situation of the guard rail manufacture industry, in order to put forward effective preventive measures of workers occupation lesion.Methods Questionnaire investigation, work sites and field investigation and occupation harm factors on 146 works in 79 guard rail processing workshop（exposure group）, physical examination on exposure group and 153 administrative personnels（control group） in 54 enterprises.Results The awareness rate of occupation health knowledge and occupation protection rate of exposure group was lower, respectively 8.9% and 11.6%, noise intensity and welding fumes over standard rate of workplace were 72.2% and 32.9% respectively; the abnormal detection rate of lung X-ray manifestations, hearing, ophthalmia, fingers tremors, and blood manganese concentration of exposure group were higher than those of control group.The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The guard rail manufacture industry has a lot of occupation hazards, we should strengthen the occupation protection.