重症监护病房院内下呼吸道感染病原菌及其药敏试验结果分析

目的：探讨重症监护病房（ICU）住院患下呼吸道感染的病原学特点及防治策略。指导临床应用抗生素。方法：对ICU院内肺部感染患深部普进行培养并做药敏试验。结果：221例呼吸道感染患痰培养出病原菌268株，其中革兰氏阴性（G^-）杆菌178株，占66．42％；革兰氏阳性（G^ )球菌5株，占20．29％，真菌36株，占13．43％。药敏试验表明所有细菌均对二种以上的抗生素耐药，未发现对万古霉素耐药的金葡菌。结论：ICU院内肺部感染的致病菌以G^-杆菌为主，铜绿假单胞菌仍是首要致菌；ICU内真菌感染比较严重，ICU内获得性肺部感染不仅数量增加而且细菌耐药性增强，了解本单位病原菌种类及耐药性的变化，合理使用抗生素是降低危重病患院内肺部感染发病率和病死率的重要措施。

Analysis of pathogens and drug sensitive tests of nosocomial infections of pneumonia In ICU

Objective:To investigate the pathogenic features and preventive strategies of the inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in ICU Methods:Bacterial culture of deep sputum and drug sensitive tests from 221 cases were performed Results:268 strains of pathogenic bacterial were obtained,among which there were 54 strains of Gram positive bacteria(20 19%),178 strains of Gram negative bacteria(66 42%) and 36 strains of fungi(13 43%).Drug sensitive tests revealed that all bacteria were resistant to 2 or more antibiotics,Staphylococcus aureus resistant to Vancomycin was not found Conclusion:The main pathogens of nosocomial infection in ICU were Gram negative bacteria and pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest.The acquired respiratory tract infection in ICU patients increased dramatically and the pathogens turned more resistant to antibiotics.Knowing bacterium feature and resistant to antibiotics in hospital oneself,properly useing of antibiotics would play key roles in lowering the morbidity and mortality of serious patients with acquired respiratory tract infection