神经内科ICU医院感染因素及护理干预

目的探讨神经内科ICU医院感染特点及护理干预措施。方法采用回顾性调查的方法,对124例神经内科ICU出院患者中的医院感染病例进行了分析。结果124例神经内科ICU住院患者中发生医院感染21例,感染率为16.93%。老年重症患者是医院感染的高危人群,重症脑血管疾病医院感染率最高;常见感染部位依次是呼吸道、胃肠道和泌尿道等。感染原因与创伤性操作增加、机体抵抗力降低、不合理使用抗生素有关,另外医护人员缺乏交叉感染意识也是发生感染的因素之一。结论神经内科ICU病人医院感染发生率较高,应加强对老年病人的关注,对重症病人呼吸道、胃肠道和泌尿道的护理干预,限制抗生素的使用和创伤性操作。

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION FACTORS IN ICU OF NEUROLOGY DEPARTMENT AND NURSING INTERVENTION

Objective To explore the characteristics of nosocomial infection in ICU of neurology department and the nursing intervention measures.Methods Method of retrospective investigation was used to analyze the nosocomial infection cases in 124 patients discharged from ICU of neurology department.Results Of 124 in-patients of ICU of neurology department, 21 developed nosocomial infection,with an infection rate of 16.93%.Old patients with severe diseases were the high risk group.The nosocomial infection rate was highest in severe cerebrovascular disease patients and the common infection sites were in order of respiratory tract,gastrointestianal tract,urinary tract,etc.The causes of infection were related to increase in traumatic operation,decrease in resistance of the organism and irrational use of antibiotics.In addition lack of cross infection sense in medical and nursing staff was also one of the factors facilitating the occurrence of infection.Conclusion Nosocomial infection rate in patients in ICU of neurology department is high.Close attention should be paid to the old patients,nursing intervention of respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract should be given to the patients with severe diseases,use of antibiotics and traumatic operation should be limited.