脑损伤患者医院感染危险因素分析

目的；探讨脑损伤患者医院感染危险因素。方法：对１２５例脑损伤住院患者进行回顾性研究分析。结果：共发现４３例患者５５例次医院感染，感染部位以呼吸道为主（５４．５５％），其次为泌尿道（３０．９１％），感染主要病原菌为Ｇ＾－杆菌和真菌。

Analysis of hospital infection risk factors in brain injury patients

Objective:To examine the hospital infection risk factors in brain injury patients.Methods:One hundred and twenty-five brain injury inpatients were analyzed in a retrospective study.Results:Forty-three patients with 55 person-time hospital infections occurred.The infections were occurred mainly in the respiratory tracts(54 55%), and then in the urinary tracts(30 91%).The major pathogenic organisms were the gram-negative and the fungi. The major gram-negative bacteria had higher drug-resistance rates to penicillin G (87 80%),ciprofloxacin(58 54%),ceftriaxone(48 78%), cefazolin (80 49%).Conclusion:The major hospital infection risk factors in brain injury patients are severe illness, long-time coma, hypoimmunity, more invasive manipulations and inappropriate administration of antibiotics, etc. In order to reduce the hospital infection rate, prophylactic measures must be enhanced, including cutting off the routes of transmission of pathogens, using antibiotics in a right way and improving defence mechanism in hosts.