宁波地区织纹螺毒性特征探索研究

目的了解宁波地区有毒织纹螺毒素的类型、分布、消长及毒素来源。方法小鼠生物法测定织纹螺毒性;ELISA法及HPLC等检测织纹螺石房蛤毒素(STX)、膝沟藻毒素(GTX)、河豚鱼毒素(TTX)。结果从长期监测点采集的127份织纹螺样品中检出毒螺63份,检出率49.6%,样品的毒性高峰和低谷分别出现在1991年和1988年。不同栖息地毒螺检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。3类不同来源样品毒螺检出率及毒性差异也有统计学意义(P0.05)。半褶织纹螺、红带织纹螺、正织纹螺带毒机率较高,且毒性强。检出织纹螺STX、GTX和TTX毒素。结论宁波地区织纹螺毒素由TTX或贝类麻痹性毒素(PSP)中的STX和GTX组成,部分样品TTX和STX两种毒素共存。查清了宁波市织纹螺带毒情况、地域分布及织纹螺品种与毒性相关性。监测结果提示长期以来宁波市织纹螺总体保持一定的毒性,食用易引起中毒事件的发生。

Investigating the toxicity characteristics of Nassarius Sp.in Ningbo City

Objective To study the type,distribution,the growth and decline of toxins in Nassarius Sp.and the source of toxins to acquire the basis for the control of Nassarius Sp.poisonings.Methods The toxicity of Nassarius Sp.was detected by mouse bioassay.The saxitoxin ( STX),gonyau toxin ( GTX),and tetrodo toxin (TTX) were detected by ELISA and HPLC.Results Sixty-three poisonous Nassarius Sp.were identified in 127 samples collected from long-term monitoring sites.The detection rate was 49.6% .The detection rate of poisonous Nassarius Sp.was different in varies habitats (P < 0.01).The toxicity of Nassarius Sp.reached a peak in 1991 and hit the rock bottom in 1988.The rate of carrying toxins and the toxicity of detected toxins (STX,GTX and TTX) in Nassarius semiplicatus,Nassa succincta A.Adams and Niotha livescens were high.Conclusion The toxins of Nassarius Sp.in Ningbo City were composed of TTX,STX or GTX,or both TTX and STX.The surveillance proved that some toxins present in Nassarius Sp.in Ningbo City.Poisoning could be caused by eating Nassarius Sp.