2008～2011年北京市原宣武区肠道门诊病例分析

目的 了解北京市原宣武区2008~2011年4年间肠道门诊就诊病例流行病学特征及临床用药,为制定肠道门诊相关疾病的防控措施提供依据.方法 通过北京市肠道门诊早期监测预警系统统计肠道门诊病例数据并描述性研究其流行病学特征.结果 病患男女比例为1.006∶1,多为本市户籍成人,占总体病例81.76%,20~35岁年龄组人群占38.08%,其中25~30岁占全部人群的16.09% ;就诊病例(含复诊病例)中大便性状以糊状或稀便为主,其次为水样便,分别为64.21% 和27.27%,正常性状只占2.4%;肠道门诊病例"消化不良"诊断总体比率达45.99%,其次为"腹泻待查"25.02%,其他肠道疾病的诊断(28.99% ) ;4年间"感染性腹泻"的诊断比率分别为14.84%、12.14%、12.96%和15.44%,呈上升趋势;4年来抗生素使用率分别为30.57%、29.43%、29.98%和23.67%,以喹诺酮类多见,其次为氨基糖甙类;口服补液盐总体使用率达80%以上,其中2009 年使用率较低(73.63% );微生态制剂、黏膜保护剂总体使用率均达94%以上.结论 在人群尤其20～35岁人群中普及肠道传染病防控知识十分必要,各级医疗机构应加强肠道门诊的诊疗水平,进一步规范用药.

Analysis on patients in clinic of enteric communicable diseases in previous Xuanwu district, Beijing during 2008 to 2011

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and clinical application of antibiotics in patients with communicable enteric diseases in previous Xuanwu district,Beijing during 2008 to 2011 in order to provide scientific evidence for formulating measures of their prevention and control.Methods Epidemiological characteristics of patients in clinic of enteric communicable diseases in previous Xuanwu district during 2008 to 2011 were reviewed and analyzed.Results Patients diagnosed as dyspepsia in outpatient clinics were accounted for 45.99 %,patients diagnosed as ＂ diarrhea with unknown causes＂ were accounted for 25.02 %,and other enteric communicable diseases were accounted for 28.99%.The rates for application of antibiotics were accounted for 30.57 %,29.43 %,29.98 % and 23.67 % of total patients during last four years respectively.Conclusion It is necessary to train the personnel in outpatient clinic of enteric communicable diseases,and to focus on knowledge for their prevention,treatment and health education.It is suggested that rational application of antibiotics in their treatment should be standardized.