慢性失眠症患者的应对方式和睡眠行为特征对照研究

目的 :调查慢性失眠症患者的睡眠行为特征、应对方式和心理控制源 ,以及三者之间的关系。方法 :62名慢性失眠症男女患者和配对睡眠正常者完成睡眠行为特征量表 (包括有无对睡眠的不合理信念、非功能性睡眠行为和夜间情绪焦虑三个分量表 )、应对方式和I—E心理控制源量表评估。结果 :慢性失眠症组与睡眠正常组比较有更多的对睡眠的不合理信念、非功能性睡眠行为 (t =8 96,P <0 0 1)和夜间情绪焦虑 (t =3 7 61,P <0 0 1) ,应对方式在解决问题因子分 (t =6 3 6,P <0 0 1)和自责因子分 (t =4 17,P <0 0 5 )分别低于和高于睡眠正常组 ,I—E心理控制源量表分高于睡眠正常组 (t =4 5 ,P <0 0 5 )。逐步多元回归分析显示失眠患者的不合理信念和非功能性睡眠行为与解决问题、心理控制源有相关性 (P均 <0 0 1)。结论 :慢性失眠症患者存在对睡眠的不合理信念、非功能性睡眠行为和夜间情绪焦虑。应对方式和心理控制源与睡眠正常者比较主要表现在解决问题能力低 ,心理控制源外控。解决问题方式和心理控制源外控可能对患者的不合理信念和非功能性睡眠行为的形成构成影响。

Sleep Behavior and Coping Style in Chronic Insomniacs

Objective:To compare the sleep behaviors and the coping styles between chronic insomniacs and normal sleepers.Methods:The self-made questionnaire of sleep behaviors (including the irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, the dysfunctional sleep behaviors and anxiety on evening),the coping styles and the internal-external locus of control(I-E) score were administered to 62 chronic insomniacs and 62 normal sleeper matched by age and sex.Results:The irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, the dysfunctional sleep behaviors, the anxiety on evening, and the scores of I-E and of the self-blame in coping style were higher in the chronic insomniacs than in normal controls. The scores of problem-solving of the chronic insomniacs were lower than that of the normal controls. Regression analysis indicated the irrational beliefs about sleep and the dysfunctional sleep behaviors were associated with problem-solving and I-E scores.Conclusions:Chronic insomnia group has irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, they have more dysfunctional sleep behaviors and higher anxiety on evening. Their ability of problem-solving is impaired and they incline to attribute their fate to external control.