ICU呼吸机相关肺炎性141例调查分析

目的探讨某院呼吸机相关肺炎性（VAP）的流行病学特点及危险因素,指导临床医生采取预防和控制措施。方法对2010年9月至2011年2月重症监护病房（ICU）907例患者中发生VAP感染的141例进行回顾性调查分析。结果该院ICU呼吸机相关性医院感染肺炎的感染率为27.60‰,呼吸机使用率为61.18%。多种侵入性操作及肺部疾病患者呼吸机相关肺炎发生率较高。主要致病菌为革兰阴性杆菌（85.03%）,以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主。革兰阳性球菌占3.23%,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌。真菌占11.68%,主要为白色念珠菌和曲霉菌。结论该院ICU呼吸机相关的医院感染肺炎的感染率较高,这与呼吸机使用时间、使用呼吸机方式及基础疾病等多种危险因素相关。

Analysis of 141 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in medical ICU

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP） in the hospital. Method 141 patients with VAP from September 2010 to February 2011 in ICU were retrospectively analysis. Results Ventilator was applied by 61.18% of patients, and only 27.60%0 of patients suffered from the VAP. VAP was a higher incidence in patients with a variety of invasive operations and lung disease. The main pathogenic bacterium were Gram-Negative bacillus, which took up 85.03%, including Acinetobacter bamnannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumoniae. Gram-positive coccus and fungi were hold 3.23% and 11.68% respectively. The former were chiefly Straphlococcus aureus and the later were Blastmnces alblicans and Aspergillus. Conclusion Infection rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU of the hospital are higher, which is related with use of time of ventilator, manner of respirator use, underlying diseases and other risk factors.