心房颤动患者心电图改变的性别差异

目的探讨心房颤动（房颤）患者心电图改变的性别差异。方法对12家社区2009年5月-2011年2月4600例房颤患者心电图改变按性别作回顾性分析。结果≥60岁占96．0％（4416／4600），男性占40．5％（1863／4600），女性占59．5％（2737／4600）（P〈0．01），男、女比为1：1．5；男性低电压5．8％（108／1863）、电轴偏移14．8％（276／1863）和束支传导阻滞25．0％（466／1863）明显多于女性的3．8％（104／2737）、6．6％（180／2737）和15．0％（410／2737）（P〈0．01）；女性ST—T改变72．6％（1988／2737）、心室肥大12．5％（342／2737）和QT间期延长5．7％（155／2737）明显多于男性的51.4％（957／1836）、7.3％（136／1836）和2．7％（50／1836）（P〈0．01）；心室率〉100次／分、心室率〈60次／分、起搏器、心肌梗死、三度房室阻滞、室性期前收缩和预激综合征性别差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论社区房颤患者以老年为主，女性多于男性，心电图改变存在各自特征性改变。

The sex difference in the changes of electrocardiogram in patients with atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the sex difference in the changes of electrocardiogram ( ECG ) in patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ).Methods Based on different sex,the changes of ECG were retrospectively analyzed on 4,600 patients with atrial fibrillation at 12 community hospitals during the period of May 2009 to February 2011.Results 96.0％ of the patients ( 4,416/4,600 ) were 60 years or older.40.5％ ( 1,863/4,600 ) were male and 59.5％ ( 2,737/4,600 ) were female ( P ＜ 0.01 ),with a ratio of male to female of 1∶1.5.More males developed low voltage[5.8％,( 108/1,863 )],axis excursion [14.8％,( 276/1,863 )],and bundle branch block [25.0％,( 466/1,863 )] than females [3.8％,( 104/2,737 )],[6.6％,( 180/2,737 )],and [15.0％,( 410/2,737 )] ( P＜ 0.01 ); whereas more females had ST-T changes[72.6％,( 1,988/2,737 )],ventricular hypertrophy [12.5％,( 342/2,737 )],and QT interval prolongation [5.7％,( 155/2,737 )] than males [51.4％,( 957/1,836 )],[7.3％,( 136/1,836 )],and [2.7％,( 50/1,836 )]( P ＜ 0.01 ).Ventricular rate of ＞ 100 beats per minute ( bpm ),ventricular rate of ＜ 60 bpm,use of pacemaker,myocardial infarction,third degree atrioventricular block,ventricular premature beat,and pre-excitation syndrome had no statistical significances between male and female ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions In communities,patients with atrial fibrillation are mainly elderly and female patients are more than male patients.Male and female patients have different changes in electrocardiogram.