End-Stage Renal Disease in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review |
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| Authors: | Rasheeda K. Hall Ann M. O’Hare Ruth A. Anderson Cathleen S. Colón-Emeric |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC;2. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;3. Department of Medicine and HSR&D Center of Excellence, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA;4. School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC;5. Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC;6. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC;7. Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC |
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| Abstract: | Objectives/IntroductionDemand for nursing home (NH) care by patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is likely to increase with growing numbers of older adults initiating chronic dialysis. We completed a systematic review to summarize the literature on NH residents with ESRD.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and relevant conference proceedings were searched to identify articles using the following MESH terms or related key words in the title or abstract: “residential facilities”, “renal dialysis”, “renal replacement therapy”, and “chronic kidney failure”. We selected case control, cohort studies, and clinical trials that included older adults with ESRD (defined as those receiving chronic dialysis or those with stage 5 chronic kidney disease) living in residential care facilities. We abstracted information on study design, quality, and results.ResultsOf 198 unique citations identified by the search strategy, 14 articles met eligibility criteria. Most articles were multicenter studies that were conducted in the 1990s. One study focused on patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and the remaining 13 studies focused on patients receiving chronic dialysis, of which eight studies included only those receiving peritoneal dialysis, four studies included patients receiving both peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, and one study included only patients receiving hemodialysis. All studies were observational, no clinical trials were identified, and study design limitations and heterogeneity within study populations were common. Summarizing results across these studies suggests that NH residents with ESRD have limited survival, particularly early after dialysis initiation. Functional impairment is highly prevalent in this population and independently associated with poor outcomes.ConclusionsNH residents with ESRD appear to be a particularly vulnerable population, but current information on their prevalence, characteristics, and outcomes is limited. Further research is needed to provide a better understanding of modifiable predictors of survival and functional decline in this population. |
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