多节段颈椎间盘突出症的术式选择

[目的]探讨多节段颈椎间盘突出术式选择的基本原则和方法。[方法]根据每个病人影像学改变的特点分别采用前路开槽减压,植骨钛板内固定;钛网 钛板固定;主要节段钛网 钛板,次要节段环锯减压 Cage融合固定;以及前后路联合手术等多种方法进行治疗。经术后观察随访,对其取得的疗效进行分析总结。[结果]采用不同的方法对96例不同类型的颈椎病进行手术治疗,经过平均2年8个月的随访,效果满意,优良率达到90%。[结论]对多节段颈椎间盘突出或椎间盘退变的脊髓型颈椎病,根据病人不同的影像学改变和症状体征选择不同的手术方式。其关键是要分清主要节段、次要节段,广泛或局限,有无明显的发育性狭窄等不同情况,选择不同的治疗方法。多数病人均能通过颈前路的开槽减压内固定而取得满意效果。单节段椎间退变选择椎间隙减压植骨固定;2~3节段椎间退变一般选择开槽减压内固定;广泛性退变或椎管明显狭窄,连续型颈椎后纵韧带骨化等病例应结合后路减压扩大椎管才能达到有效治疗。手术方法的选择是取得颈椎病良好疗效的关键。

Evaluation of surgical protocols for multilevel cervical disc herniation

[Objective]To discuss the basic principles and methods of surgical protocols in treating multilevel cervical disc herniation.[Method]The surgical protocols patients underwent operation based on patient's changes in radiology.Protocols varied from anterior approach discectomy,partial corpectomy with bone grafting and plate fixing;titanium mesh plate;titanium mesh plate in major segment and decompression with trepan cage in secondary segment;combined anterior and posterior surgical procedure.[Result]Totally 96 cases of cervical spondylosis in different types were observed.After average 32 months of follow-up,an overall excellent and good rate in 90% of the cases was obtained.[Conclusion]To choose the appropriate surgical protocol for different multilevel cervical disc herniaion or degenerative myelopathy patients,every treatment should rely on patient's symptoms and changes in radiology.We must check out which vertebra is major segment or secondary segment,generalized or localized,with or without developmental stenosis of cervical spinal canal.Most patients can achieve satisfied prognosis by anterior approach decompression with bone grafting and plate fixing.Intervertebral bone grafting and plate fixing is preferred to single level degenerative.Anterior decompression with approach discectomy,partial corpectomy with bone grafting and plate fixing is preferred to 2 or 3 level degenerative.Combined anterior and posterior surgical procedure is the best method to treat generalized degenerative or obvious stenosis of cervical spinal canal,and continuous type OPLL.In conclusion,the key to excellent prognosis of cervical spondylosis is choosing the right operation for the right patient.