食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中FHIT与增殖细胞核抗原的表达及临床意义

目的探讨食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中脆性组氨酸三联体（FHIT）基因与PCNA的表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学sP法分别检测FHIT在37例正常食管黏膜、非典型增生、食管鳞癌组织中的表达。结果食管鳞癌组织中FHIT蛋白阳性表达率43．2％（16／37）显著低于非典型增生组70．3％（26／37）和正常食管黏膜组89．2％（33／37）（均P〈0．05）。食管鳞癌组织中PCNA的表达明显高于非典型增生组织（P〈0．05）；FHIT与PCNA的平均标记指数呈显著负相关（L=-0．583，P〈0．05）。食管鳞癌高、中分化组FHIT蛋白阳性表达率46．2％（12／26）显著高于低分化组36．4％（4／11）（P〈0．05）；淋巴结转移患者FHIT蛋白阳性表达率39．3％（11／28）显著低于无淋巴转移组55．6％（5／9），（P〈0．05）。结论PTEN在食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中有明显缺失现象，在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用，对其蛋白的检测可作为判定食管鳞癌发生及转移能力的一项客观指标。

FHIT and PCNA expression and its clinical significance in the carcinogenesis of esophageal mucosa

Objective To investigate the expression of fragile histidine triad（FHIT） gene and proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） during the process of esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis. Methods The expression of FHIT were detected by immunohistoehemistry SP method in 37 cases of lung squamous carcinoma, 10 of adjacent tissue. The biopsy of normal, dysplasia and esophageal carcinoma of 37 cases were performed. The expressions of FHIT, PCNA were detected by using immmuno-histochemieal method. Results FHIT protein expression 43.2% （ 16/37 ） of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower than the a- typical hyperplasia group 70. 3% （26/37） and normal esophageal mueosa and 89. 2% （33/37） （P 〈 0. 05 ）. PCNA expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that atypical hyperplasia （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; There was a negative correlation between PCNA and FHIT expressions （ rs = -0. 583, P 〈 0.05 ）. The positive rates of FHIT in high and middle degrees of differentiation were significantly higher than that in low degree of differentiation （46. 2% vs 36. 4% ）. Tumors with lymph node metastases （39. 3% ） （11/28） had loss FHIT protein expression than those without metastasis （55.6%） （5/9） （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion FHIT gene play an important role in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is suggested that FHIT can be a useful marker for predicting invasion and metastasis ability of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.