碳酰胺实验室杀螺效果研究

目的寻找一种杀螺作用强,对水生生物毒性低的杀螺剂。方法碳酰胺100、200、400、800mg/L实验室浸泡杀螺试验和碳酰胺15、20、25、30g/m^2实验室喷洒杀螺试验,并与氯硝柳胺2g/m^2做比较。结果碳酰胺在100～800mg/L浓度时浸泡杀螺,钉螺死亡率为3%～6%,与对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;实验室喷洒碳酰胺1、3、5d观察钉螺死亡率,30g/m^2组钉螺死亡率分别为91%、90%和95%,氯硝柳胺2g/m2组钉螺死亡率分别为97%、96%和98%,两者之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论碳酰胺实验室浸泡杀螺无效;碳酰胺实验室喷洒杀螺具有与氯硝柳胺相同的效果。

Laboratory study on the molluscicidal effect of carbamide

Objective The study was conducted to establish a molluscicide with strong snail-killing effects and low toxicity to aquatic organisms.Methods Immersion tests using 100,200,400 and 800 mg/L carbamide and spraying tests using 15,20,25 and 30 g/m2 carbamide were conducted under laboratory conditions to measure the molluscicidal effects,respectively,which were then compared to the effect using 2 g/m^2 niclosamide.Results The Oncomelania hupensis mortality rates ranged from 3% to 6% after carbamide immersion at the concentration of 100-800 mg/L,suggesting no statistical difference from those in the control group（P〉0.05）.The 1,3 and 5 d O.hupensis mortality rates in laboratory spraying tests reached 91%,90% and 95% in the 30 g/m2 group,while those in the 2 g/m^2 niclosamide group were 97%,96% and 98%,indicating no statistically significant difference（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Under laboratory conditions,carbamide immersion was ineffective in killing snails,whereas carbamide spraying had the same molluscicidal effects as niclosamide did.