早期心理干预对玉树地震受伤住院患者心理健康的影响

目的探讨早期心理干预对玉树地震受伤住院患者的心理康复影响。方法采用SCL-90为主要调查工具,对玉树地震受伤住院患者进行心理危机干预前及干预3次以上的患者进行2次评估,比较干预前后患者的心理健康状况。结果心理干预前,受伤住院患者SCL-90阳性项目检出率的排列顺序依次为躯体化(32.5%)、敌对(20.0%)、抑郁(18.8%)、焦虑(17.5%)、恐怖(8.8%)、强迫(7.5%)、偏执(5.0%)、人际关系敏感(5.0%)、精神病性(1.3%);对地震中受伤住院患者进行早期心理干预后SCL-90各因子分及总均分较干预前均有下降:躯体化(t=2.54,P=0.012)、敌对(t=4.96,P=0.000)、抑郁(t=2.66,P=0.009)、焦虑(t=3.12,P=0.002)、恐怖(t=2.42,P=0.017)、强迫(t=5.45,P=0.000)、偏执(t=3.89,P=0.000)、人际关系敏感(t=3.80,P=0.000)、精神病性(t=5.62,P=0.000),总分(t=3.45,P=0.001)。结论早期心理干预可以提高重大自然灾害中因伤住院患者的心理健康水平。

Influence of the Early Psychological Intervention on the Psychoiogical Rehabilitation of Injured Inpatients From the Yushu Earthquake

Objective To investigate the influence of the early psychological intervention on the psychological rehabilitation of injured inpatients from the Yushu earthquake.Methods SCL-90 was used as the main investigative tool.The injured hospitalized patients were evaluated twice just before psychological crisis intervention and after the patients were intervened for three times.Compared the mental health status before and after the psychological crisis intervention.Results Just before the psychological intervention,the order of the positive items detection rate of the SCL-90 in the injury inpatient were： somatization（32.5%）,hostility（20.0%）,depression（18.8%）,anxiety（17.5%）,terrorism（8.8%）,obsessive-compulsive（7.5%）,paranoid（5.0%）,interpersonal sensitivity（5.0%）,psychosis（1.3%）;the score of all of the SCL-90 subscales and the total score decreased after the psychological intervention：somatization（t=2.54,P=0.012）,hostility（t=4.96,P=0.000）,depression（t=2.66,P=0.009）,anxiety（t=3.12,P=0.002）,terrorism（t=2.42,P=0.017）,obsessive-compulsive（t=5.45,P=0.000）,paranoid（t=3.89,P=0.000）interpersonal sensitivity（t=3.80,P=0.000）,psychosis（t=5.62,P=0.000）,total score（t=3.45,P=0.001）.Conclusion Early psychological intervention is necessary to the psychological rehabilitation of injured patients in the natural disasters.