综合医院精神科门诊就诊者心理健康状况调查分析

目的探讨综合医院精神科门诊就诊者心理健康状况。方法首先就664例就诊者的职业性别构成和病种构成进行分析;使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对就诊者进行评定,将就诊者分为有诊断有问题组、有诊断无问题组、无诊断有问题组和无诊断无问题组,并将就诊者的SCL-90得分情况与中国成人常模比较。结果综合医院精神科门诊就诊者女性多于男性,就诊比例较多的依次为退休人员、待业人员、学生、工人和教师。疾病分布以抑郁障碍、焦虑障碍、精神分裂症、躯体化障碍、双向情感障碍为多见。就诊者的SCL-90评分总分、总均分、阳性项目数和各因子分均高于常模(P0.05)。68.37%就诊前有诊断者SCL-90各条目均高于常模,尽管31.63%就诊前有诊断者各因子分均在正常范围内,但他们的量表总分和阳性项目数均高于常模;62.61%的就诊前无诊断者SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数和各因子分均高于常模。就诊者中心理健康状况异常与正常者分别为73.64%与26.36%。结论综合医院精神科门诊就诊者多数为心理健康状况异常者,超过1/4的就诊者心理健康状况正常。

Analysis on Mental Health Status of Clients in Psychiatric Outpatient Department of General Hospital

Objective To investigate the mental health status of clients in psychiatric outpatient department of general hospital.Methods Proportion of occupation,gender and classification were analyzed respectively.With assessment of SCL-90,the clients were divided into four groups,namely group with diagnosis and with problems,group with diagnosis and without problems,group without diagnosis and with problems,group without diagnosis and without problems.The SCL-90 scores of clients were compared with Chinese adult norm.Results The amount of female clients was bigger than that of male ones in psychiatric outpatient department of general hospital.The higher proportion of clients was retiree,job-waiting people,students,workers and teachers in succession.Distribution of disease mainly was depression disorder,anxiety disorder,schizophrenia,somatization disorder and bipolar affective disorder.The total score,general symptomatic index,number of positive items,and each factor score were all higher than norm（P0.05）.For the 68.37% clients with diagnosis before visiting doctor,their scores of each SCL-90 item were higher than norm.For the other 31.63% clients with diagnosis before visiting doctor,although their factor scores are all in normal range,the total score and number of positive items were higher than norm.For the 62.61% clients without diagnosis before visiting doctors,the total score,general symptomatic index,the number of positive items,and each factor score were all higher than norm.Among the clients,the percent of abnormal or normal mental state is 73.64% and 26.36% separately.Conclusion Most of the clients in psychiatric outpatient department of general hospital are in abnormal mental state,more than a quarter of them are normal.