165名汶川地震伤员心理健康调查和心理护理效果

目的探讨地震灾区伤员的心理健康状况及心理护理效果。方法采用心理健康自评问卷(PHSQ)对165名来深圳住院治疗的灾区伤员进行问卷调查,并实施心理社会支持、健康教育、放松训练等护理措施。结果深圳的灾区伤员入院时PH-SQ高于8分的59人,需重点心理干预的占35.8%,其中最常见的心理问题是紧张或担忧(91.5%),其次是容易疲劳(76.3%)和感觉不快乐(74.6%),有自杀倾向(17.0%),男女心理问题的严重程度差异无显著性(P0.05)。1个月后PHSQ复测,高于8分的5人,与干预前比较有统计学意义(χ2=56.52,P0.05),PHSQ评分与干预前比较有统计学意义(t=11.46,P0.05)。结论地震灾害给伤员造成的心理健康问题较为突出,加强心理护理对伤员非常必要。

Psychological Health State and Effect of Psychological Nursing of the 165 Patients Caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective To investigate the psychological health state and effect of psychological nursing of the patients caused by the Wenchuan earthquake. Methods A total of 165 patients caused by the earthquake were investigated by Self-rating question- naire （PHSQ）. We gave the psychological nursing including social support,health education and relaxation exercise according to the results of the questionnaire. Results There were 59 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 in all the patients. 35.8% patients were needed psychological nursing. The psychological problems were nervous and worry （91. 5 % ）, easy to be tired （76. 3 % ）, feeling unhappy （74.6 % ） and suicide idea （17.0 % ）. There were no significant difference in the degree severity between male and female （P〉0.05）. There were 5 patients whose scores of PHSQ were higher than 8 after the retest of the interval of one month. The psychological health was improved statistically after one month of psychological nursing. Conclusion The problem of psychological health is obvious in the patients caused by earthquake. The psychological nursing is needed to implement in the paitents.