家庭环境对初中生心理健康影响的研究

目的了解家庭环境及是否留守对初中生心理健康的影响。方法从铜梁县3个中学各随机抽取2个班,共6个班,有效问卷296份,其中男生129人,女生167人。采用《家庭环境量表》(FES-CV)和《中学生心理健康量表》(M SSMHS)同时施测。结果初中生心理问题比较突出,M SSMHS各因子与FES的亲密度、情感表达、娱乐性、知识性、道德宗教观、组织性有着显著负相关。其中抑郁、焦虑、敌对与亲密度差异有统计学意义(t=-0.277,-0.262,0.275;P0.01);强迫症状与情感表达(t=-0.143,P0.01),情绪不平衡(t=-0.211,P0.01);学习压力与情感表达(t=0.181,P0.01);抑郁与娱乐性(t=-0.275,P0.01);情绪不平衡与娱乐性(t=-0.299,P0.01)。M SSMHS各因子与FES的矛盾性有着显著正相关(P0.01),其中敌对、偏执、心理不平衡与矛盾差异有统计学意义(t=0.248,0.241,0.288,P0.01)。男女在抑郁(t=-2.75,P0.01)和焦虑(t=-3.36,P0.01)两项有极其显著的差异,而在学习压力(t=-2.51,P0.05)、适应不良(t=-2.26,P0.05)以及总分(t=-2.02,P0.05)上有显著差异。是否为"留守孩"在心理健康上的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论家庭环境对心理健康有影响,存在年级和性别差异。

Study on the Impact of Domestic Environment on Mental Health of Middle School Students

Objective To explore the impact of domestic environment and left-behind status on mental nealth of middle students.Methods A total of 6 classes made up of 2 classes from 3 local middle schools were set out.And 296 copies of questionnaires were valid,including 129 male and 167 female.FES-CV and MSSMHS were both applied.Results It seems serious in mental problems of middle schools students.Significant negative correlation （P0.01） were found between all factor scores of MSSMHS and the items of FES such as Cohesion,Expressiveness,Active-recreational Orientation,Intellectual-cultural Orientation,Moral-religious Emphasis as well as Organization,compared with the obvious positive correlation（P0.01） between the former factor scores and the conflict item of FES.Between the male and the female,there were extremely significant divergence（P0.01） in terms of depression and anxiety,and also significant differences on the items of academic pressure,mal-adaptation and total score,whereas the distinction on the impact of left-behind status turned out insignificant（P0.05）.Conclusion The impact of domestic environment on mental health is subject to the grade level and sex.There is no notable statistical divergence by gender of the impact of left-behind status on mental health.