194名新兵的个性特征及其与焦虑和抑郁关系的研究

目的　了解新兵的个性特征及其与焦虑、抑郁的关系。方法　应用艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)、焦虑自评量表 (SAS)及抑郁自评量表 (SDS) ,对 194名男性新兵进行心理测评。结果　 (1)新兵EPQ -P、EPQ -N维度分与军人常模间差异有显著性意义 ,EPQ -E、EPQ -L维度分与军人常模间差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;新兵个性内向、倾向内向及情绪不稳定者比例与军人常模间差异有显著性意义 ,个性外向、倾向外向及情绪稳定者比例与军人常模间差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )不同气质类型新兵SAS、SDS评分间差异明显 ,得分高低次序为抑郁质、胆汁质、粘液质、多血质 ;抑郁质新兵发生焦虑和抑郁的比例与其他气质类型军人间差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而多血质新兵发生焦虑和抑郁的比例与其他气质类型军人间差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　新兵个性有其特征性 ,焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪与个性特征间存在密切关系

A study on personality of 194 recruits and its relationship with anxiety and depression

Objective To study the personality of recruits and its relationship with anxiety and depression.Methods 194 male recruits were tested by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).Results (1) The scores of EPQ-P and EPQ-N of the recruits had significantly differences with that of the norm;the scores of EPQ-E and EPQ-L had significantly differences with that of the norm(P<0.01);the percent of personality introvert,introvert tendency and emotional unstability of the recruits had significantly differences with those of the norm,and the percent of personality extrovert,extrovert tendency,and emotional stability had significantly differences with those of the norm(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(2) The scores of SAS and SDS of different temperamental trait recruits had notable differences,the sequence of the scores from higher to lower were melancholic temperament,choleric temperament,phlegmatic temperament and sanguine temperament;the percent of anxiety and depression of the melancholic temperamental recruits had significantly differences with the other temperamental recruits(P<0.05),and that of the sanguine temperamental recruits had significantly differences with the other temperamental recruits(P<0.05).Conclusion The soldiers have their own characteristics of personality,and the negative feelings of anxiety and depression have intimate relationship with the personality.