以HBsAg为传染源替代指标的实验及其优缺点分析

目的分析以乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)为传染源替代指标的优缺点。方法在测定HBsAg携带者病毒浓度和经手术传染感染阈值的基础上,分析以HBsAg为传染源替代指标的优缺点。结果 9.0%HBsAg阴性者HBVDNA阳性,传染性在0～104ID/ml;73.7%HBsAg阳性者HBVDNA阳性,传染性在0～109ID/ml;HBV经单层手套传播的感染阈值为105ID/ml,经双层手套传播的感染阈值为106ID/ml;HBsAg阴性者病毒浓度都在感染阈值之下,单层手套可使80.8%HB-sAg阳性者的传染性消失,双层手套可使另外4.5%传染性消失,剩余14.7%仍具有传染性,其病毒浓度高出感染低限1000倍。结论 HBsAg监控法对手术中HBV传染源的筛查效果很好,但控制HBV经手术传染的效果较差。而且不是最经济的防护方法 。

Experiment of HBsAg Regarded as the Substitution Index of Infection Source and Its Advantage and Disadvantage

Objective] To analyze the advantage and disadvantage of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） regarded as the substitution index of infection source. Methods] On the basis of determination of virus concentrations among HBsAg carriers and the infec- tive threshold value transmitted by surgery, the advantage and disadvantage of HBsAg regarded as the substitution index of infection source were analyzed. Results] The positive HBV DNA were detected in 9.0% of patients with negative HBsAg , the infectivity was 0 - 10.4 ID/ml. The positive HBV DNA were detected in 73.7% patients with positive HBsAg, the infectivity was 0 - 10.9 ID/ml. The HBV infective threshold value of single layer gloves was 10.5 ID/ml, and that of double layer gloves was 10.6 ID/ml. The virus concentrations of patients with negative HBsAg all were less than the infective threshold value. The single layer gloves could prevent the infectivity in 80.8 % of with positive HBsAg, double layer gloves could prevent the infectivity in other 4.5%, but rest 14.7% still had the infectivity, which their virus concentrations was 1000 times as high as the minimum limit of infection. Conclusion] HBsAg monitoring has good effect on screening of HBV infection source during operation, but the effect on control of HBV infection transmitted by surgery is defective, and it is not the most efficient method of protection.