中学生觉察压力与主观幸福感关系

目的 了解新疆地区中学生觉察压力与主观幸福感现状及关系,为促进其心理健康提供理论依据.方法 采用觉察压力量表(PSS)和总体幸福感量表(GWB)对新疆地区4所中学共1 000名中学生的觉察压力及主观幸福感状况进行调查.结果 中学生觉察压力得分女生明显高于男生(t=11.28,P=0.001),而总体幸福感得分男生明显高于女生(t=2.00,P=0.045),觉察压力和总体幸福感在年级上得分差异均有统计学意义(F=3.54,P=0.003;F=5.63,P=0.000);觉察压力与对生活的满足和兴趣呈正相关(r=0.072,P<0.05),与对健康的担心和松弛或紧张均呈负相关(r=-0.102,r=-0.112,P<0.01);预测感与总体幸福感及各因子(对健康的担心除外)均呈负相关(r=-0.559～-0.374,P<0.01);控制感与对健康的担心呈负相关(r=-0.073,P<0.05),与总体幸福感及各因子均呈正相关(r=0.161～0.291,P<0.01);超载感与总体幸福感及各因子(对健康的担心除外)呈正相关(r=0.174～0.293,P<0.01);觉察压力对中学生的主观幸福感具有预测作用(P<0.05).结论 中学生的主观幸福感与觉察压力关系密切.

Relationship between perceived stress and subjective well-being among middle school students

Objective To examine the relationship between perceived stress and subjective well-being and to provide basis for promoting mental health among middle school students.Methods Questionnaires of subjective well-being and Perceived Stress Scale were used to survey 1 000 middle school students from 4 middle schools in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Results The scores of girls were significantly higher than those of boys in perceived stress(t=11.28,P=0.001),but lower in subjective well-being(t=2.00,P=0.045),and there were differences in perceived stress and subjective well-being amomg the students of different grade(F=3.54,P=0.003;F=5.63,P=0.000).Perceived stress showed positive correlation with life satisfaction and interests(r=0.072,P<0.05) and negative correlation with health concerns and relaxation of tension(r=-0.102,r=-0.112,P<0.05).Foresee showed negative correlation with subjective well-being and all factors(except health concerns)(r=-0.559-0.374,P<0.01).Control feeling showed negative correlation with health worry(r=-0.073,P<0.05) and positive correlation with subjective well-being and all factors(r=0.161-0.291,P<0.05).Overload showed positive correlation with subjective well-being and all factors(except health concerns)(r=0.174-0.293,P<0.05).Perceived stress had obvious negative prediction to subjective well-being(Beta=-0.184——0.673,t=-2.216——8.626,P<0.05).Conclusion Perceived stress correlates closely with subjective well-being among Uygur middle school students.