基于马斯洛需要层次理论护理干预对脊柱骨折手术患者心理弹性及预后的影响

目的探讨基于马斯洛需要层次理论护理干预对脊柱骨折手术患者心理弹性及预后的影响。方法将94例胸腰段脊柱骨折手术患者按入院时间顺序分为两组,各47例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预,观察2个月。比较两组术后恢复情况、疼痛状况、腹背部伸肌肌力、脊柱状态、并发症发生率、护理满意度,并对干预前后两组心理弹性量表、简明心境问卷评分进行分析。结果观察组术后引流量显著少于对照组(P<0.01),引流管拔除时间、肌力开始恢复时间显著早于对照组(P<0.01),术后12 h视觉模拟评分法评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后两组心理弹性量表评分较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),简明心境问卷评分较干预前显著降低(P<0.01),观察组显著优于于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组腹背部伸肌肌力在腰屈曲、腰伸展时平均功率、总功率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),到达峰力矩的时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。观察组脊柱运动评分、触觉评分及伤椎高度显著高于对照组(P<0.01),Cobb′s角显著大于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组总满意率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预能有效改善胸腰段脊柱骨折手术患者的心理弹性及心境状态,改善腹背部伸肌肌力及脊柱状态,降低并发症发生率,促进术后恢复,提高护理满意度。

Effect of nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs on psychological resilience and prognosis of patients with spinal fracture surgery

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs on psychological resilience and prognosis of patients with spinal fracture surgery.Methods A total of 94 patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures were divided into two groups according to the order of admission,with 47 cases in each group.The control group performed routine intervention,and the observation group implemented nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs on the basis of the control group for 2 months.The postoperative recovery,pain,abdominal and back extensor muscle strength,spinal state,incidence of complications and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.The scores of connor-davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)and profile of mood states(POMS)of the two groups were evaluated and analyzed before and after the intervention.Results The drainage volume of the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group(P<0.01),the drainage tube extraction time and muscle strength recovery time of the observation group were significantly earlier than those of the control group(P<0.01),and the visual analogue scale(VAS)12 hours after operation was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).After the intervention,the CD-RISC score of the two groups was significantly higher than that before the intervention(P<0.01),the POMS score was significantly lower than that before the intervention(P<0.01),and the observation group was sig-nificantly better than the control group(P<0.01).The average power(AP)and total work(TW)of abdominal and back extensor muscle strength during lumbar flexion and extension in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),the time to peak torque(TPT)was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.01).The spinal motion score,tactile score and injured vertebral height of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05 or 0.01),and the Cobb's angle of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The total satisfaction rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of complications was lower than that of the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions The nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs can effectively alleviate the psychological resilience and mental state of patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture,improve the abdominal and back extensor muscle strength and spinal state,reduce the incidence of complications,promote postoperative recovery,and improve nursing satisfaction.