飞行员血脂谱调查

目的 调查飞行员血脂水平现状及血脂谱异常特征,并提出血脂异常防治策略及血脂水平划分标准的建议.方法 收集了按我国血脂测定标准化要求测定的591例飞行员、144例其他空勤人员（年龄21～55岁）的血脂谱,1136例普通人群作为对照进行统计分析.每组再按每5岁年龄段分组,分为7个年龄组.分析3组人群不同年龄组血浆三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）水平及其异常发生率.结果飞行员高TG血症占首位,异常发生率为26.73%.低HDL-C、高TC、高LDL-C异常发生率分别为10.02%、7.28%、6.30%.血脂异常高发生率年龄在36～55岁间,尤其是41～55岁间.血脂异常发生率与飞行员年龄、飞行时间有关,与飞行机种无关.飞行员高TG年龄比普通人群早5岁,HDL-C降低年龄比其TG增高年龄晚10岁,高TC、高LDL-C年龄比普通人群迟5～10岁.飞行员和其他空勤人员高TC发生率,与普通人群相比,差异有显著意义（P＜0.05）.与20年前调查结果相比,飞行员TG水平明显增高、HDL-C水平略有降低,血脂谱已由20年前的高TC血症转变成以高TG、低HDL-C血症为主要特征.本组飞行员与欧洲飞行员相比,血脂异常高发生率年龄段相似,高TG、低HDL-C血症发生率相似,而高TC血症发生率却远远低于欧洲飞行员.结论 飞行员血脂异常防治策略以高TG、低HDL-C为首要目标.提出了我军飞行员血脂水平划分标准和血脂异常防治方案的初步建议.

Blood lipid profile survey of military pilots

Objective To investigate characteristics of blood lipid profile in military pilots,so as to put forward corresponding suggestions of prevention and treatment strategy against dyslipidemia. Methods Blood lipid profile of 591 pilots, 144 aircrew other than pilots with age ranged from 21-55 examined recently following National Program of Lipids Detecting and its Standardization were collected in this survey,and 1136 healthy male common population were used as control. They were divided into 7 age groups. Plasma triglyceride(TG) , total cholesterol(TC) .high density lipoprotein-cholester-ol(HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of various age groups of them were compared and analyzed. The data of this recent survey were also compared with those of similar survey carried out in nineteen eighties. Results The incidence of high TG(26. 73%) was the first place in pilots' dyslipidemia followed by low HDL-C(10. 02%) ,high TC(7. 28%) and high LDL-C(6.30%). High dyslipidemia incidence occurred in pilots aged 36-55 .especially 41-55. The incidence of dyslipidemia was correlated with age and flying hours, but not with type of military aircraft. As compared with common population, high TG and lowered HDL-C occurred 5-10 years earlier in pilots, while high TC, high LDL-C occurred 10 years later in pilots. As compared with that of common population, the incidences of high TC in pilots and aircrew other than pilots were significantly higher(P<0. 05). As compared with the data of nineteen eighties,the leading dyslipidemia in pilots' lipid profile has been changed from high TC to high TG.The age rang with high incidence of dyslipidemia as well as the incidence of high TG and low HDL-C levels in Chinese pilots was similar to that of European pilots, while the incidence of high TC in Chinese pilots was much lower than European pilots. Conclusion High TG and low HDL-C should be regarded as the focal point of prevention and treatment strategy against dyslipidemia in pilots. The criteria of levels of dyslipidemia in pilots should be reconsidered.