烟、茶对放射线所致骨髓细胞突变和骨髓抑制的影响

目的 探讨烟、茶对放射线所致小鼠骨髓细胞突变和骨髓抑制的干预作用,为放射损伤的防护提供基础资料。方法 在7组动物中分别给予吸烟、饮茶和放射线以及三因素的不同组合,另2组分别为空白对照组和环磷酰胺阳性对照组。测定小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞(PCE)微核率,同时观察PCE与成熟红细胞(RBC)的比例,进行外周血白细胞(WBC)计数。结果 被照射的各组PCE微核率均高于空白对照组(P <0.05或0.01),吸烟+放射组PCE微核率高于放射组(P <0.05)。被照射的各组PCE/RBC比值均低于空白对照组(P <0.01),被照射的各组WBC计数均低于空白对照组(P <0.05或0.01)。结论 放射线具有致突变作用,吸烟可增强放射线的致突变作用,饮茶不能抑制放射线的致突变作用,饮茶也不能抑制吸烟增强放射线的致突变作用;放射线可引起骨髓抑制,烟、茶对放射线引起的骨髓抑制无明显影响。

Effects of Smoke and Tea on Radiation- induced Bone Marrow Cell Mutation and Marrow Inhibition

Objective To provide scientific information for the prevention and treatment of the radiation damage by analyzing the effects of smoke and tea on radiation-induced bone marrow cell mutation and marrow inhibition.Methods 7 group mice were exposed to smoke and/or tea and/or radiation respectively.There were also a blank control group and a cyclophosphamide positive control group.The frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCE), the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) to mature erythrocytes (RBC) in marrow, and the count of peripheral blood hemoleukocyte were observed.Results The frequencies of MPCE in the groups irradiated with γ-rays were significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P <0.05 or 0.01).The smoke+radiation group's frequency was significantly higher than single radiation group (P <0.05).The ratios of PCE to RBC in the groups irradiated were significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P < 0.01).The counts of peripheral blood hemoleukocyte in the groups irradiated were significantly lower than the blank control group (P <0.01).Conclusion Radiation were able to cause marrow cell mutation and induce marrow inhibition.Smoke increases the effect of radiation-induced marrow cell mutation.Tea and smoke couldn't affect radiation-induced bone marrow inhibition.