护理本科生到基层医院就业意向及影响因素的调查研究

目的了解护理本科生到基层医院就业的意向及影响因素。方法采用自设问卷对1005名护理本科生进行调查。结果非常愿意到基层医院工作的护理本科生仅占3.8%;如果能有政策支持,护理本科生下基层医院就业的意向普遍提高(>40.4%);若到基层医院去工作,88.0%的护理本科生选择县级医院或社区卫生服务中心,仅8.6%选择乡镇卫生院及村卫生所;高考第一志愿报护理专业、非常喜欢护理专业、有基层医院实践经历、对基层医院护理较了解的学生到基层医院就业的意向相对较高(P<0.05);64.2%的学生愿意到基层医院的原因是离家近,77.8%的学生不愿意的原因是工资福利不能满足期望。结论护理本科生到基层医院就业的意向偏低,建议通过调整招生政策,帮助学生更多了解基层医院,落实相关就业政策来促进护理本科生到基层医院就业。

The intentions and influencing factors to work in primary hospitals among undergraduate nursing students

Objective To investigate the intentions and influencing factors to work in primary hospitals among undergraduate nursing students. Methods Totally 1005 undergraduate nursing students were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire. Results Only 3.8% undergraduate nursing students were willing to work in primary hospitals very much; more than 40% students were willing to work in primary hospitals if there were priority policy support. Among those who were willing to work in primary hospitals,88.0% preferred to county hospitals or community health centers,and only 8.6% tended to work in rural health centers or village health clinics. The students whose first choice was nursing,or liked nursing specialty or had practical experience in primary hospitals or knew more about the nursing work in primary hospitals were more likely to work in primary hospitals（P〈0.05）. The most common reason willing to work in primary hospitals was near to family（64.2%）,while low income and welfare was the most common reason not willing to work in primary hospitals（77.8%）. Conclusion The intention to work in primary hospitals is low in undergraduate nursing students. It is suggested to modify college admission policy and employment policy and help students to obtain more information about primary hospitals to improve the employment rate in primary hospitals.