重症监护病房中检出不动杆菌的菌种分布及耐药性分析

目的：分析我院ICU病房中不动杆菌的菌种类型及耐药状况，为临床有效控制感染，合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法：对在不同标本中分离到的258株不动杆菌进行菌种鉴定，并采用琼脂纸片扩散法（K—B法）测定20种抗生素的敏感性。结果：从呼吸道标本（痰液）检出的不动杆菌比例最高（76．7％）；检出的不动杆菌菌种，以鲍曼不动杆菌检出率最高；不动杆菌对多粘菌素B、米诺环素、亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦耐药率分别为10．8％、10．2％、3．8％、2．9％、7．8％；而对其他类型抗生素的耐药率都较高。结论：本院ICU病房中检出的不动杆菌以鲍曼不动杆菌最常见，这些不动杆菌呈现出多重耐药的特性。

Strain distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter isolated in an intensive care unit

Objective：To investigate the strain distribution and drug resistance of acinetobacter isolated in intensive care unit （ICU） of our hospital so as to provide evidences for effective control of Acinetobacter and rational use of antibiotics. Methods： Strain identification was performed for 258 strains of acinetobacter isolated from different specimens. Moreover, agar-diffusion method （Kirby Bauer Test） was used to determine the sensitivity of these strains to 20 types of antibiotics. Results： Acinetobacter was most frequently （76. 7% ） detected from airway specimens （sputum）. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common one among all isolated strains. Drug-resistance to polymyxin B, minocyeline, imipenem, meropenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam were found in 10.8%, 10.2% , 3.8%, 2.9% and 7.8% of Acinetobaeter strains, respectively. However, the rate of drug-resistance was much higher to other types of antibiotics. Conclusion ： Of all acinetobacters isolated from ICU of our hospital, Acinetobacter baumannii was the most commonly strain. These acinetobacters showed characteristic of multi-drug resistance.