老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术的麻醉处理

目的:探讨全身麻醉和全麻复合硬膜外麻醉对老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的麻醉效果。方法:30例老年患者行LC,随机分成全麻组(A组,15例)和全麻复合硬膜外麻醉组(B组,15例),分别记录患者入室后、麻醉诱导后、气管插管即刻、切皮、CO2气腹建立后及气管拔管后即刻的收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、心率(heart rate,HR);记录术毕患者苏醒时间、拔管时间和离开手术室时间;拔管后即刻、10min、20min、30min伤口疼痛程度。结果:(1)B组气管插管即刻、CO2气腹后及拔管后即刻的血流动力学较A组稳定,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组苏醒时间、拔管时间和离室时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但苏醒期间患者发生烦躁反应A组(5例)远高于B组(2例),与A组比较,B组发生烦躁反应发生率较低(13.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)B组拔管后各时间点VAS评分明显低于A组(P<0.05)。结论:老年患者LC实施硬膜外复合全麻,能减轻术中的应激反应,血流动力学稳定,减轻患者苏醒期疼痛,降低术后烦躁反应发生率,可改善老年患者LC的麻醉效果。

The anesthesia of the aged patients for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Objective:To explore the anesthetic effects of general anesthesia and general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia for aged patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods:Thirty aged patients who underwent LC were divided into general anesthesia group(group A,15 cases)and general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia group(group B,15 cases).The following data of two groups were recorded:the SBP,DBP and HR at the moment of entrance of surgery room,anesthesia induction,racheal ...