人工栽培铁皮石斛与其他来源铁皮石斛中氨基酸与多糖及微量元素的比较分析

目的：比较不同来源铁皮石斛材料的化学品质,研究人工栽培铁皮石斛替代铁皮石斛野生资源的可行性。方法：通过定量测定,比较人工栽培铁皮石斛与铁皮石斛组织培养物、铁皮枫斗、铁皮石斛胶囊中总多糖、氨基酸和微量元素等主要药用成分的差异。结果：多糖含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛总多糖含量与铁皮枫斗相近,分别为25.31%和29.38%,铁皮石斛组织培养物中最低,仅7.51%,铁皮石斛胶囊最高,可达40.73%。总氨基酸含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛总氨基酸含量达5.74%,高于铁皮枫斗（4.5%）和铁皮石斛胶囊（3.91%）,低于铁皮石斛组织培养物（15.35%）。微量元素含量的比较表明,人工栽培铁皮石斛中10种微量元素含量与铁皮枫斗大致相近,铁皮石斛组织培养物中除Cu之外的其他9种微量元素高于其他石斛材料,而铁皮石斛胶囊中微量元素含量相对较低。结论：人工栽培铁皮石斛主要药用成分的质量与野生材料相近,可作为野生铁皮石斛的替代资源加以开发,也为铁皮石斛资源的保护和可持续利用打下了坚实的基础。

Comparative Analysis of Amino Acids,P0lysaccharides and Trace Elements in Dendrobium officinale from Different Sources

Objective： To investigate the feasibility of replacing wild Dendrobium officinale with artificial cultivated ones by comparing the chemical quihy of Dendrobium officinale from different sources. Methods： The comparsion of main medicinal components, inluding total polysaccharides, amino acid and trace element was made among artificial cultivated one, protocorm culture, ＂Tiepi Fengdou＂ and ＂Tiepi Shihu Capsule＂ with quantitative determination. Results： Our findings showed that the content of tatal polysaccharides in artificial cultivated one was similar to that of ＂Tiepi Fengdou＂ with the rates of 25.31% and 29.38% respectively, while the content in protocorm culture was the lowest with a rate of 7.51% and ＂Teipi Shihu Capsule＂ was the highest, with a rate of 40.73%. The content of total amino acid in artificial cultivated one was 5.74%, higher than ＂Tiepi Fengdou＂ （4.5%） and ＂Tiepi Shihu Capsule＂ （3.91%）, and lower than protocorm culture （13.35%）. The artificial cultivated one and ＂Tiepi Fengdou＂ are similar in the content of ten trace elements, while the content of nine trace elements in protocorm culture was higher than others, and the trace elements in ＂Tiepi Shihu Capsule＂ were relatively low. Conclusion： The main medicinal components of artificial cultivated Dendrobium officinale are similar to those of wild one, so they can be developed as substitute resources of the latter, which will also lay a solid foundation for the protection and sustainable utilization of Dendrobium officinale resource.