南京市女中学生青春期常见疾病患病状况调查

目的 :了解南京市青春期女中学生患病情况及相关的影响因素。方法 :采用整群分层随机抽样方法在南京市 15个区、县的 5 0所中学 ,根据城区、农村、交通、家庭经济状况、重点中学、普通中学、职业中学等按比例抽样女中学生与疾病有关样本 1335 8例进行问卷调查 ,应用 Epi In Fo软件录入 ,用 SAS统计分析系统进行数据分析。结果 :青春期女中学生患病率顺序为 :贫血2 9.8% ,沙眼 14 .9% ,龋齿 13.7% ,鼻炎 8.6 % ,扁桃体炎 7.4 % ,慢性胃肠炎 3.0 % ,痔疮 2 .2 % ,肝炎 1.2 % ,心脏疾病 0 .5 % ,结核0 .5 %。BMI正常 6 0 .6 5 % ,消瘦 33.0 1% ,超重 3.77% ,肥胖 2 .5 6 %。青春期所患疾病与居住地区、家庭经济收入、父母亲职业、父母亲对烟酒嗜好及是否单亲家庭有关。结论 :提高全民健康素质应从青春期保健抓起 ,防治青春期疾病应是今后保健工作的重点 ,加强对青春期人群的健康教育及科普知识的宣传 ,以预防为主 ,防治结合 ,提高他们的健康水平 ,降低发病率 ,从而提高我国人均寿命。

Investigation on the common diseases condition of female teenager students in the middle schools of Nanjing city

Objective: To evaluate the disease condition of female teenager students in the middle school in Nanjing area and the related factors. Methods:The method of stratifying and stochastic sampling were uesd in the students of fifty middle schools in fifteen districts and counties in Nanjing area. 13 358 students were divided into groups and surveyed according to living area , traffic condition, families' economical condition,schools.The respondents were surveyed with questionnaire,the data were input by EpiInfo program,analysis on the data were conducted by SAS statistic software.Results:The sequence of the morbidity of female teenager students are: anemia 29.8%, trachoma 14.9%, caries 13.7%, rhinitis 8.6%, tonsillitis 7.4%, chronic gastroenteritis 3.0%, hemorrhoids 2.2%,hepatitis 1.2%, heart disease 0.5%,and tuberculosis 0.5%.60.65% of them have normal BMI rate, 33.01% are emaciated, 3.77% are overweight, and 2.56% are fat. Their disease composing are related to living area, families' income, parents' vocation and whether their parents have hobby of tobacco or alcohol.Conclusion:Teenagers' health care is the key of improving all people's health condition,which should be regarded as the emphases of the future work. Every one should pay more attention to propagandizing for healthy and scientific knowledge to them ,accordingly prevent disease and improve the public's health condition.