大鼠脑内囊出血模型的构建及其评价

背景:稳定准确的动物模型是研究出血性脑血管病的必要工具和基础。目的:建立和评价大鼠脑内囊出血模型。设计:随机对照动物实验。单位:徐州医学院第二附属医院;南京医科大学第一附属医院。材料:实验于2002-05/11在南京医科大学动物实验中心完成。35只SD大鼠随机分为两组:实验组30只,假手术组5只。方法:①通过立体定向术向实验组大鼠脑内囊注入自体血制成脑内囊出血模型。②按ZeaLonga5分制神经病学评分标准评分,观察大鼠躯体感觉及运动功能。③大鼠在麻醉状态下于术前及术后检测体感诱发电位。④测定体感诱发电位后,将大鼠麻醉后处死,取脑制备切片,苏木精-伊红染色,以最大病灶处光镜观察血肿及组织形态学的改变。主要观察指标:①两组大鼠神经功能评分。②两组大鼠体感诱发电位各波潜伏期。③两组大鼠脑组织形态学观察。结果:35只大鼠均进入结果分析。①以出现明显偏瘫为造模成功,本实验成功率为93.3%(28/30),实验组神经病学评分为(2.74±0.46)分,与假手术组(0分)比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。②体感诱发电位显示,实验组术后各波潜伏期较术前和假手术组明显延迟P1:(15.72±0.78)ms,(10.69±0.52)ms,(10.73±0.48)ms;N1:(17.95±1.27)ms,(13.21±1.31)ms,(13.34±1.27)ms;N2:(21.16±1.62)ms,(15.42±1.46)ms,(15.58±1.44)ms;N3:(24.86±1.58)ms,(18.72±1.76)ms,(18.99±1.67)ms,P<0.05]。③假手术组仅见针道周围散在红细胞,无出血灶;实验组病理形态学表现为左侧内囊区不规则或椭圆形血凝块,大致有一个低倍视野范围,出血灶边缘脑组织疏松水肿,病变明显重于假手术组。结论:用立体定向术回注自体血制成大鼠脑内囊出血模型更接近临床脑出血,且方法简便,重复性好。

Construction and evaluation of intracerebral capsular hemorrhage models in rats

BACKGROUND: A stable and exact animal model is the necessary tool and basis for studying hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases.OBJECTIVE: To establish and evaluate the intracerebral capsular hemorrhage models in rats.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Second Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College; First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the animal experimental center of Nanjing Medical University during May to November 2002.Totally 35 SD rats were randomized into two groups: experimental group (n=30) and sham-operation group (n=5).METHODS: ① Autoblood was injected into the intracerebral capsule of rats to create intracerebral capsule hemorrhage models with stereotaxy in the experiment group. ②Scoring was conducted according to 5-point neurological scoring criteria from ZeaLonga, somatic sensation and motor function of rats were observed. ③Somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) of rats was detected pre- and post-operation under anesthetic state. ④ After determination of SEP, the rats were sacrificed under anesthetic state. Brains were taken out to made slices, then sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Changes in haematoma and histomorphology were observed at the largest focus under optical microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Nerve function scoring; ②Latent period of various waves of SEP; ③ Observation of brain tissue morphology.RESULTS: Totally 35 rats entered the stage of result analysis. ①Appearance of obvious paralysis of the rats suggested the modeling was successful. The successful rate of this experiment was 93.3%(28/30). Significant difference existed in neurological scoring between experimental group (2.74±0.46)points] and sham-operation group (0 point)(P＜0.05). ②SEP showed that the latent periods of various waves of experimental group after operation were significantly delayed than those before operation and those of sham-operation group P1: (15.72±0.78) ms, (10.69±0.52) ms, (10.73±0.48) ms;Nl: (17.95±1.27) ms,(13.21±1.31) ms, (13.34±1.27) ms;N2:(21.16±1.62) ms, (15.42±1.46) ms,(15.58±1.44) ms;N3:(24.86±1.58) ms, (18.72±1.76) ms, (18.99±1.67) ms,P＜0.05]. ③In the shamoperation group, a few red blood cells were scattered in the peripheral area of needle channel were found, but hemorrhagic focus was not; In the experimental group, irregular or oval blood clots presented in the left internal capsule area. In about a low-fold visual field, brain tissue in the surrounding of hemorrhagic focus was loosened and swelled, and pathological changes were obviously severer than those in the sham-operation group.CONCLUSION: Intracerebral capsular hemorrhage induced by injection of autoblood with stereotaxy is more close to clinical situation, and it is easy to operate and has good reproducibility.