胶原蛋白与黏土混合材料的性能研究

背景：凹凸棒黏土质轻，吸水性强，湿时具有黏性和可塑性等特性，被广泛应用于各个领域，但将凹凸棒黏土作为骨修复材料鲜有报道。目的：将胶原蛋白与不同比例凹凸棒黏土混合，构建一种新型组织工程支架材料，以期运用于骨修复。方法：将胶原蛋白和凹凸棒黏土以干质量比为1∶0、5∶1、4∶1、3∶1的比例混合均匀，冷冻干燥，制备支架材料，扫描电镜观察材料的表观特征，检测1%京尼平交联前后材料的孔隙率和质量吸水率。将4组比例材料分别与大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞共培养，培养3 d及7 d分别进行扫描电镜观察及苏木精-伊红染色。将1%京尼平交联后的4组比例材料分别植入大鼠体内，1个月后观察材料降解情况。结果与结论：材料呈多孔海绵状，交联前材料的孔隙率在60%-80%之间，交联后材料的孔隙率在40%-65%之间，4组之间交联前后孔隙率比较差异无显著意义（P 〉0.05）。4组材料交联后的质量吸水率较交联前显著降低（P 〈0.05）。胶原蛋白-凹凸棒黏土支架材料具有良好的细胞相容性，在动物体内可以完全降解并被吸收，但不同比例配比降解速率不一，无炎症反应。

The performance research of a mixed material of collagen and clay

BACKGROUND： Attapulgite clay is light with strong water absorption, and it has viscosity and plasticity in wet condition, which has been widely used in various fields. However, there is rarely report about attapulgite clay as bone repair material. OBJECTIVE： To mix collagen with different proportion of attapulgite clay to fabricate a new type of tissue engineering scaffold material for bone repair. METHODS： Collagen and attapulgite clay were melted by-dry weight ratio of 1：0, 5：1, 4：1, 3：1 to fabricate scaffold materials. The apparent characteristics of the materials were observed by scanning electron microscopy, the porosity ~ar,d water absorption of quality of materials were determined before and after 1% genipin cross-linked. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on the four different materials. The materials were observed by scanning electron microscopy after 3 days. And the materials were stained by hematoxylin-eosin staining after 7 days. The four different materials cross-linked by 1% genipin were implanted into rats and the degradation of materials was observed 1 month after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Materials were sponge and porous. The porosity of materials was between 60% and 80% before cross-linked, while the porosity of materials was between 40% and 65% after cross-linked. There was no significant difference among four groups （P 〉 0.05）. The water absorption of quality of the materials was significantly reduced after cross-linked （P 〈 0.05）. The collagen-attapulgite clay scaffolds have good biocompatibility and can be completely degraded and absorbed in vivo without inflammation. The collagen-attapulgite clay materials of different ratios have different biodegradation rates.