金属网底托槽正畸矫治器治疗6个月内口腔菌群的变化

背景：目前，已有很多文献报道佩戴固定矫治器后患者口腔内微生物菌群会发生变化。目的：探讨安装金属网底托槽正畸矫治器对青少年口腔内致龋菌变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌及口腔卫生状况的影响。方法：纳入23例需要安装金属网底托槽正畸矫治器的青少年患者，作为试验组；同时选择18例无口腔疾病的青少年志愿者作为健康对照。安装矫治器即刻、安装后90，180 d收集两组唾液，检测变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌菌丛的变化，同时检测牙龈指数与口腔卫生指数。结果与结论：对照组3个时间点的变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌、牙龈指数及口腔卫生指数变化无明显差异。试验组安装90 d、180 d的变形链球菌危险等级较安装即刻明显提高（P〈0.05），安装180 d的乳酸杆菌危险等级较安装即刻明显提高（P 〈0.05），安装90 d的牙龈指数牙龈指数、安装180 d的口腔卫生指数严重程度高于安装即刻（P〈0.05），安装180 d的变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌危险等级与牙龈指数及口腔卫生指数严重程度高于对照组（P〈0.05）。表明口腔内安装正畸矫治器会增加青少年口内的变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌细菌数量，导致口腔卫生状况明显下降。

Changes of oral flora within 6 months after fixed metal orthodontic treatment

BACKGROUND：Currently, there are a lot of studies addressing oral microflora variation in patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliance. OBJECTIVE：To determine the changes in Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacil us and oral health in teenagers wearing metal orthodontic appliances. METHODS：Twenty-three who were subjected to fixed metal orthodontic appliances as testing group and 18 adolescent volunteers with no oral diseases served as controls. We col ected saliva samples from al the participants immediately, 90 days and 180 days after fixed metal orthodontic treatment to detect changes in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacil us, which can lead to dental caries, and other oral parameters, including gingival index and oral hygiene index. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：In the control group, there were no difference in Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacil us, gingival index and oral hygiene index at three time points. In the testing group, the hazard levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacil us were significantly increased at 90 and 180 days than immediately after fixed metal orthodontic treatment （P〈0.05）, as wel as the gingival index at 90 days and oral hygiene index at 180 days became worse （P〈0.05）. At 180 days after fixed metal orthodontic treatment, the hazard levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacil us, gingival index and oral hygiene index were severer in the testing group than the control group （P〈0.05）. These findings indicate that the fixed metal orthodontic appliance could lead to increasing of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacil us, and reduce oral health status badly.