胸骨正中切口与左侧肋间切口开胸制备心肌梗死动物模型的比较

背景：许多治疗冠心病的研究依赖于心肌梗死动物模型的建立。探索创伤小、易操作、安全、存活时间长、存活率高的心肌梗死动物模型制作方法具有重要意义。目的：比较两种开胸结扎冠状动脉制作心肌梗死动物模型方法的优劣。方法：健康雄性新西兰大耳白兔30只，随机分为3组，每组10只。胸骨正中切口组、胸骨左缘切口组开胸后结扎冠状动脉前降支，假手术组不结扎冠状动脉。监测手术时间、术中出血量、术后进食量、进食恢复时间。术后24 h内测心肌酶学指标，术后4周检测超声心动图。结果与结论：胸骨正中切口组及胸骨旁切口组结扎冠状动脉后心电图检查均出现不同程度的 ST 段弓背样抬高。胸骨正中切口组造模成功率为70%、胸骨左缘切口组造模成功率为80%。两组术后24 h内心肌酶学指标升高，与术前相比差异有显著性意义（P 〈0.05）；术后4周左室射血分数、左室短轴缩短率降低，与术前相比差异有显著性意义（P 〈0.05）。与胸骨左缘切口组比较，胸骨正中切口组造模成功所需的手术时间少，术中出血量少，术后恢复进食时间短，术后进食量较多，差异均有显著性意义（P 〈0.05），结果表明采用胸骨正中开胸法结扎冠状动脉更适合用于制作心肌梗死动物模型。

Establishing myocardial infarction animal models by the median sternotomyversus the left intercostal thoracotomy

BACKGROUND：Studies addressing coronary heart disease are largely dependent on the establishment of myocardial infarction animal models. It is very important that exploring a safe method with easy operation, less damage, long time survival and high survival rate for myocardial infarction animal model OBJECTIVE：To compare the pros and cons of two kinds of thoracotomy anterior descending coronary artery ligation to do myocardial infarction animal model. METHODS： Thirty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： control, median sternotomy incision, and left sternal incision. The anterior descending coronary artery was ligated after thoracotomy. The operation time, amount of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative food intake, and recovery time of eating were monitored during the surgery and within 24 hours after the surgery. And myocardial enzyme indexes were also monitored within 24 hours after the surgery. Rabbits were detected with ultrasonic echocardiogram at 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Different levels of ST segment elevation appeared in median sternotomy and left sternal incision groups by echocardiogram. The success rate of modeling was 70% in median sternotomy incision group, and 80% in left sternal incision group. Within 24 hours post-surgery, the myocardial enzyme indexes in the two groups were significantly increased compared with before surgery （P 〈 0.05）. At 4 weeks, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the left ventricular shortening fraction were significantly decreased when＆amp;nbsp;compared to before surgery （P〈 0.05）. The operation time was shorter, the amount of bleeding was less, the time of eating recovery was less and the amount of eating was much in median sternotomy group than in left sternal incision, with significant differences between he two groups （P 〈 0.05）. The median sternotomy incision for the ligation of anterior descending coronary artery is better than the left sternal incision to establish myocardial infar