诱导早期动脉瘤形成模型大鼠血管生长因子的表达

背景：血管内皮细胞生长因子和转化生长因子在胚胎发育、伤口愈合、炎症、肿瘤及缺血缺氧等多种生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用，并参与脑损伤的发生发展过程。目的：评价血管内皮细胞生长因子和转化生长因子α在大鼠早期动脉瘤形成过程中的表达差异。方法：取SD大鼠28只，随机分为3组，假手术组（n=8）暴露左侧颈动脉分叉和双侧肾动脉，不进行结扎，于当天处死；15 d组（n=10）与30 d组（n=10）结扎左侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉、颈外动脉及双侧肾动脉后支建立动脉瘤大鼠模型，分别于造模后15，30 d处死，取双侧大脑前动脉和嗅动脉分叉处，在光镜下观察其病理变化，同时进行血管内皮生长因子和转化生长因子α免疫组织化学染色。结果与结论：假手术组和15 d组均未见有动脉瘤，30 d组10只大鼠中发现在右侧大脑前嗅动脉分叉处1个囊性动脉瘤和5个早期动脉瘤样改变。假手术组和15 d组脑动脉标本无血管内皮生长因子表达，30 d组脑动脉标本血管内皮生长因子表达阳性率为80%，提示血管内皮生长因子可能参与动脉瘤形成过程。假手术组和15 d组脑动脉标本转化生长因子α表达较30 d组明显，提示转化生长因子α在动脉瘤形成过程中受损或分泌减少，可能与动脉瘤形成有关。

Expression of vascular growth factors during the early phase of induced cerebral aneurysm formation in rats

BACKGROUND：Vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor play a crucial role in embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, cancer, ischemic hypoxia and other physiological and pathological processes, and participate in the development and progression of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the differences in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-α during the early phase of cerebral aneurysm formation in rats. METHODS：Twenty-eight healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups. Sham operation group （n=8）： the left carotid artery bifurcation and bilateral renal artery were only exposed, without ligation, and rats were kiled that day. 15 days group （n=10） and 30 days group （n=10）： the left common carotid artery, internal carotid artery, external carotid artery and bilateral renal artery were ligated, to establish aneurysm model, and rats were kiled at 15 and 30 days, respectively. The bilateral sides of the anterior cerebral artery/olfactory artery bifurcations were harvested and observed under light microscopy for pathological changes. Immunohistological staining was performed to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-α. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The results showed that, no aneurysm formed in the sham operation group and 15 days group. In the 30 days group, one saccular aneurysm and five early aneurysm-like changes were found in＆amp;nbsp;the right anterior cerebral artery/olfactory artery bifurcations. In the sham operation group and 15 days group, no vascular endothelial growth factor was expressed. In the 30 days group, the positive rate of vascular endothelial growth factor was up to 80%, indicating that vascular endothelial growth factor is possibly involved in the formation of aneurysm. Transforming growth factor-α expression in the sham operation group and 15 days group was more apparent than that in the 30 days group, indicating that transform