50例足月胎儿膝半月板的观察

<正> 目前,膝半月板的损伤仍是临床比较多见的疾患。究竟膝半月板的损伤与先天性膝半月板发育差异之间是否存在关系,尚有待深入探讨和研究。陈尔瑜氏和山内吉雄氏曾对此进行过研究,但有助于说明此问题的国人膝半月板的年龄解剖学资料尚感不足,有进一步积累的必要。为此,我们对足月胎儿膝半月板、膝横韧带进行了观察和测量。

Menisci of the knee joints of 50 mature foetuses

One hundred knee joints from 50 specimens of mature foetuses were odseryed. The sagittal diameter, the transverse diameter, the width of anterior, lateral and posterior parts, the thickness of anterior, lateral and posterior parts, the length of peripheral margin, the length of the fissure between the two ends of the meniscus wene measured. Besides, the largest sagittal diameter, the largest transverse diameter and the ratio of the largest common sagittal diameter to the largest common transverse diameter were measured. From the results, the authors think that formation of different forms of hollow center of the meniscus is related to the extent of absorption of the central part of the dish-shaped cartilage during development of the foetus,and to the shapes and areas of the position where femoral and tibial conbyles come into contact. And our observations on two cases of dish-shaped menisci are consistent with the notions that the tissues of the dish-shaped meniscus are weak aud soft, extensively attached to and closely joined with the surrounding structures and that the movements of dish-shaped menisci are limited. These are the important reasons why dish-shaped menisci are vulnerable to damage. In addition, the observation and measurement of the transverse ligaments of the knee joints showed that they did not exist in all the knee joints and that their occurrence increased with age, showing that transverse ligaments of knee joints may appear, develop, grow and strengthen with age.