Treatment potential of the GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review |
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Authors: | L. Østergaard Christian S. Frandsen S. Madsbad |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmarklaugeoestergaard@gmail.com;3. Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Abstract: | Over the last decade, the discovery of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) has increased the treatment options for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1 RAs mimic the effects of native GLP-1, which increases insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon secretion, increases satiety and slows gastric emptying. This review evaluates the phase III trials for all approved GLP-1 RAs and reports that all GLP-1 RAs decrease HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and lead to a reduction in body weight in the majority of trials. The most common adverse events are nausea and other gastrointestinal discomfort, while hypoglycaemia is rarely reported when GLP-1 RAs not are combined with sulfonylurea or insulin. Treatment options in the near future will include co-formulations of basal insulin and a GLP-1 RA. |
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Keywords: | GLP-1 receptor agonist type 2 diabetes mellitus exenatide liraglutide lixisenatide albiglutide dulaglutide |
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