Pharmacokinetics and N-acetylation metabolism of S-methyl-l-cysteine and trans-S-1-propenyl-l-cysteine in rats and dogs |
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Authors: | Hirotaka Amano Daichi Kazamori Kenji Itoh |
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Affiliation: | 1. Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima, Japanamano_h@wakunaga.co.jp;3. Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima, Japan |
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Abstract: | 1.?Pharmacokinetics and N-acetylation metabolism of S-methyl-L-cysteine (SMC) and trans-S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine (S1PC) were examined in rats and dogs. SMC and S1PC (2–5?mg/kg) were well absorbed in both species with high bioavailability (88–100%).2.?SMC and S1PC were excreted only to a small extent in the urine of rats and dogs. The small renal clearance values (<0.03?l/h/kg) indicated the extensive renal reabsorption of SMC and S1PC, which potentially contributed to their long elimination half-lives (>5?h) in dogs.3.?S1PC, but not SMC, underwent N-acetylation extensively in vivo, which can be explained by the relative activities of N-acetylation of S1PC/SMC and deacetylation of their N-acetylated forms, N-acetyl-S1PC/N-acetyl-SMC, in the liver and kidney in vitro. The activities for S1PC N-acetylation were similar to or higher than those for N-acetyl-S1PC deacetylation in liver S9 fractions of rat and dog, whereas liver and kidney S9 fractions of rat and dog had little activity for SMC N-acetylation or considerably higher activities for N-acetyl-SMC deacetylation.4.?Our study demonstrated that the pharmacokinetics of SMC and S1PC in rats and dogs was characterized by high bioavailability and extensive renal reabsorption; however, the extent of undergoing the N-acetylation metabolism was extremely different between SMC and S1PC. |
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Keywords: | Aged garlic extract bioavailability renal reabsorption water-soluble organosulfur compounds |
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