胎盘早剥的危险因素及妊娠结局分析

目的研究胎盘早剥的危险因素及妊娠结局。方法将2012年3月至2015年3月安徽省立医院确诊为胎盘早剥的72例产妇作为研究组，随机选取同期我院分娩的80例产妇为对照组。回顾分析两组产妇年龄、剖宫产史、子痫前期、经产妇、胎膜早破、流产史、男胎等因素与胎盘早剥发生的相关性及妊娠结局。结果研究组有剖宫产史产妇14例、子痫前期25例、经产妇33例，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。研究组死产及新生儿死亡20例、胎儿急性缺氧29例和早产低体质量儿43例，与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论既往剖宫产史、子痫前期及经产妇是胎盘早剥发生的危险因素；胎盘早剥产妇出现死产及新生儿死亡、胎儿急性缺氧和早产低体质量儿的比例较高。临床应重视胎盘早剥的各种高危因素，早发现、早诊断、早治疗及治疗个体化，改善母婴结局。

Clinical analysis of high risk factors of placental abruption and pregnancy outcome

Objective To investigate the high risk factors of placental abruption and pregnancy outcome. Methods Placental ab-ruption group included 72 puerpera who were diagnosed with placental abruption in our hospital in recent 3 years,while the control group con-sisted of pregnant women with normal childbirth over the same period. The relationship between placental abruption and maternal age,history of cesarean section,preeclampsia,maternal,premature rupture of membranes,abortion,male fetuses,as well as the pregnancy outcomes were retrospectively analysed. Results In the study group,14 cases had a history of cesarean section,25 cases preeclampsia and 33 cases the maternal;compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). Also in the study group,there were 20 cases of stillbirth and neonatal death,29 cases of acute hypoxia fetus and 43 cases of preterm low weight children;compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Previous history of cesarean section,preeclampsia are high risk factors of maternal placental abruption;there is high incidence of stillbirths and neonatal deaths and acute hypoxia fetus and preterm low birth weight children in puerpera with maternal placental abruption. Attention should be paid to various risk factors for placental abruption;early detection,diagnosis and treatment,individualized treatment are helpful for the improvement of maternal outcome.