我国1990～2000年传染病流行态势

传染病是危害人类健康的主要疾病之一 ,尤其在经济欠发达的国家和地区。因此 ,一个国家对传染病的防治能力和防治效果 ,则被公认为评价一个国家社会经济发展和卫生保健事业水平的重要标志之一。为此 ,利用我国传染病疫情报告的资料 ,分析我国传染病发病、死亡的变化趋势 ,找出传染病流行现状及特点 ,为传染病防治规划的制定提供科学依据是十分必要的。一、传染病总的发病率、死亡率变化趋势1990～ 2 0 0 0年我国的传染病发病率总体上呈下降趋势。发病率由 1990年的 4 6 7.77 10万下降到 2 0 0 0年的 2 95 .37 10万 ,年平均下降 16 .5 8 10万…

A case-control study of endogenous estrogen and risk of Alzheimer'' s disease

Objective To investigate the risk of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) associated with endogenous estrogen. Methods A population based,m:n matched case control study was conducted, including 115 female AD patients identified from sample population aged 55 years or older as cases and 1 041 non cognitive impairment individuals from same population matched for age and sex as controls. Results Age at natural menopause had significant effect on AD using multivariate analysis. The odds ratio ( OR ) for AD was 0.672 for individuals whose age at natural menopause were between 47 to 50 years old, compared with individuals whose age at menopause were less than 47 years old. The OR was 0.452 for individuals whose age at menopause were more than 50 years old comparing with individuals whose age at menopause were less than 47 years old ( P = 0.020 7 ). The OR for AD increased parallel to the increase of age at menarche (adjusted OR = 1.160 for each increased year, P = 0.034 2 ). Conclusion The decrease of endogenous level in postmenopausal women might serve an etiological factor for AD.