精神分裂症认知功能障碍与事件相关电位P300的相关性研究

目的 探讨首发精神分裂症患者认知障碍与事件相关电位P300之间的相关性。方法 应用丹麦丹迪公司KeyPointV2．12诱发电位仪（ERPs），对60例精神分裂症患者、3例急性精神分裂样障碍患者及40例健康人（对照组）使用听觉Oddball范式检测P300成分，同时运用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）对患者组进行精神症状评定，并用主成分分析方法分离出几个症状因子。结果 PANSS项目主成分分析显示认知障碍、阴性症状、抑郁症状、敌对／兴奋、妄想／幻觉5个因子；与健康对照组相比，P300波幅在F2、Cz、P2、T3、T45个记录区差异均有显著性（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），P300潜伏期无显著差异（P〉0．05），患者组认知障碍因子仅与Fz、T3处P300波幅呈负相关（r=-0．43，P〈0．01；r=-0．33，P〈0．05）。结论 额及颞区P300波幅降低反映精神分裂症患者一定程度的认知损害。

Relationship between cognitive disorders in schizophrenia and event-related potential P300

Objective To explore the relationship between the cognitive disorders in the first episode of schizophrenia and P300 components.Methods P300 components were measured by using an auditory oddball paradigm with a Denmark KeyPoint Evoked Potentials instrument in 60 cases of schizophrenia and 3 cases of schizophreniform disorder,whose psychopathological status was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Forty healthy subjects were used as control.Results The principal component analysis of the PANSS items revealed five factors:cognitive disorder,negative symptoms,depressive disorder,hostility/excitement and delusion/hallucination.The patients had lower amplitude of P300 at Fz,Cz,Pz,T3 and T4 than the normal controls(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The scores for the cognitive function were correlated negatively with the amplitude of P300 recorded at Fz and T3,but not with Cz,Pz or T4.Conclusion The decreased amplitude of frontotemporal P300 reflects the cognitive disorder in schizophrenia to some extent.