普高与空军青航校毕业生抗荷体质差异

目的 对比青少年航空学校学员与普通高中生招飞抗荷体质相关指标差异,探索青少年航空学校抗荷体质训练成果并为训练方案优化提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取参加2022年空军招飞医学选拔定选阶段的部分青航校高三学员与同年级普通高中生作为研究对象,青航校学员按照既定培养方案,在高中阶段开展专项抗荷体质训练,并通过问卷调查收集普通高中生体育锻炼情况,纳入身体尺寸、身体成分、肌肉力量等指标进行对照研究,采用SPSS.26进行统计学分析。结果 青航校学员身高、四肢长、平静胸围、体质量均显著高于普通高中生(P＜0.05),二者坐高无统计学差异。青航校学员SMI显著高于普通高中生(P＜0.05),但体脂率对比无显著差异(P＞0.05)；青航校学员背力与腿力均值/峰值显著高于普通高中生(P＜0.05)；SMI与抗荷力量呈显著正相关,体脂率与抗荷力量不存在显著相关。青航校学员与普通高中生SMI分布存在差异,青航校学员的高SMI比例更高、低SMI比例更低(P＜0.05),而青航校与普通高中生体脂率分布无统计学差异(P＞0.05)；结论 青航校抗荷体质训练在抗荷相关肌肉力量提高方面成效显著,但是在体脂率控制方面仍存在改进空间,未来青航校抗荷体质训练需要兼顾肌肉训练与体脂控制。

Differences in Anti-G constitution of the graduates of the general high school and the Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force

Objective To compare the differences in Anti-G constitution between the students in Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force(TASAF) and general high school students, to explore the results of Anti-G constitution training project in TASAF and to provide a scientific basis for training program optimization. Methods Some senior students in TASAF who participated in the medical final selection phase of the 2022 Air Force recruitment were randomly selected as the study subjects with general high school students of the same grade. The students in TASAF carried out special Anti-G constitution training project at the high school stage according to the established training program, and collected physical exercise of general high school students through questionnaires, anthropometry indicators、 body composition 、muscle strength and other indexes as observation indicators for the RCT study。Using SPSS.26 for statistical analysis. Results The height, limb length, calm chest circumference, and body mass of the Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force participants were significantly higher than those of the general high school students (P < 0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the two sitting heights. SMI was significantly higher (P < 0.05) but body fat rate was not significantly different (P > 0.05); mean/peak back strength and leg strength were significantly higher (P < 0.05); SMI was significantly positively correlated with Anti-G strength, and body fat rate was not significantly correlated with Anti-G strength. There was a difference in the distribution of SMI between Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force and general high school students, with a higher percentage of high SMI and a lower percentage of low SMI (P < 0.05), while there was no statistical difference in the distribution of body fat rate between Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force and general high school students (P > 0.05); Conclusion Anti-G constitution training project in Teengeers Aviation School of Air Force is effective in improving muscle strength related to Anti-G constitution. However, there is still room for improvement in the control of body fat rate.