吸烟对个体肌肉组织发育的影响及其机制

烟草烟雾(CS)中含有过千种有害物质,如尼古丁、多环芳烃(PAHs)、一氧化碳(CO)、氮氧化合物、醛类等。吸烟危害个体肌肉组织的发育。母亲孕期吸烟,香烟中的有害物质被母体吸入后,可通过胎盘屏障直接毒害胎儿,也可以通过损伤胎盘结构,进而间接影响胚胎发育。孕期吸烟与胎儿骨骼肌肌量减少、宫内生长障碍、出生低体重、儿童发育迟缓、先天性膈疝等疾病有关。青少年吸烟可能会导致心律不齐、心肌梗死等疾病。长期吸烟能引起骨骼肌肌肉萎缩、少肌症。本文综述了吸烟对个体肌肉组织发育的影响及其可能的机制。

Effects of smoking on development of individual muscle tissue and its mechanism

There are more than a thousand potentially harmful substances in cigarette smoke,such as nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) ,carbon monoxide ( CO) ,nitride oxides and aldehyde,etc. Smoking leads to harmful effects on individual muscle tissue. If smoking during pregnancy,harmful substances in the matrix,can directly poison the fetus through the placental barrier or indirectly influence embryonic development by damaging placenta struc-ture. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with the risks of decreased intrauterine skeletal muscle mass,low birth-weight,growth retardation of children and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Teenage smoking may induces heart rate irregularities,myocardial infarction and other diseases. Long-term smoking can lead to skeletal muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. The effect of smoking on development of individual muscle tissue and the possible mechanisms are re-viewed in this paper.