石杉碱甲的抗炎作用及其对大鼠神经干细胞的保护作用

 目的： 探讨石杉碱甲（HupA）的抗炎作用及其对大鼠神经干细胞的保护作用。方法：取新生SD大鼠海马组织，分离并培养神经干细胞和小胶质细胞，建立Transwell共培养体系。将细胞分成3组：空白对照组、淀粉样β肽（Aβ）组和HupA组。Aβ组小胶质细胞层中加入终浓度为10 μmol/L的Aβ1-42，HupA组于加入Aβ1-42前4 h用1 μmol/L HupA预处理小胶质细胞。液相芯片技术检测炎症因子白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和巨噬细胞炎症蛋白1α（MIP-1α）的表达，流式细胞术和Western blotting检测神经干细胞的凋亡。结果：小胶质细胞与神经干细胞共培养72 h后，与空白对照组相比，Aβ组IL-6、TNF-α和MIP-1α水平以及神经干细胞凋亡率（25.46%）均显著升高(P<0.01)；HupA预处理小胶质细胞后，Aβ诱导的小胶质细胞炎症因子分泌显著减少，IL-6、TNF-α和MIP-1α的水平降低(P<0.01)，同时神经干细胞凋亡率降低至8.05% (P<0.01)。Western blotting检测结果显示，HupA组Bcl-2/Bax值显著高于Aβ组(P<0.05)。结论：石杉碱甲可以抑制小胶质细胞分泌细胞因子和趋化因子，减弱Aβ诱导的炎症反应，降低神经干细胞凋亡率，从而发挥抗炎和神经保护作用。

Anti-inflammatory effect of huperzine A on protection of rat neural stem cells in vitro

AIM：To explore the anti-inflammatory effect of huperzine A (HupA) and its neuroprotective effect on rat neural stem cells (NSCs). METHODS：The microglia and NSCs were isolated from neonatal rat hippocampal tissues and co-cultured in a Transwell system. The cells were divided into 3 groups：control group, amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) group and HupA group. The microglia layer in Aβ group was treated with Aβ1-42 (10 μmol/L), while that in HupA group was pretreated with HupA (1 μmol/L) before Aβ1-42 stimulation. The culture supernatant levels of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), were detected by LiquiChip technique. The apoptosis of NSCs was determined by flow cytometry and Western blotting. RESULTS：The microglia secreted a large number of inflammatory mediators with the stimulation of Aβ. In Aβ group, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and MIP-1α were significantly higher than those in control group at 72 h (P<0.01), and the apoptotic rate of NSCs was 25.46% (P<0.01). In HupA group, the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α and MIP-1α decreased significantly as compared with Aβ group (P<0.01), and the apoptotic rate of NSCs was only 8.05% (P<0.01). The Bcl-2/Bax ratio in HupA group was higher than that in Aβ group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：Huperzine A reduces the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, and attenuates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, thus protecting NSCs against inflammation-induced apoptosis.