Myoepithelial Cells: Autocrine and Paracrine Suppressors of Breast Cancer Progression |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Sanford?H?BarskyEmail author Nina?J?Karlin |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, 43210;(2) Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA-Olive View Medical Center, Sylmar, California, 91342;(3) Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 129 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210-1218 |
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Abstract: | Host cellular paracrine regulation of tumor progression is an important determinant of tumor biology but one cell that has
been ignored in this regulation is the myoepithelial cell. Myoepithelial cells surround normal ducts and precancerous lesions,
especially of the breast and form a natural border separating proliferating epithelial cells from proliferating endothelial
cells (angiogenesis). Myoepithelial cells may thus negatively regulate tumor invasion and metastasis. Whereas epithelial cells
are susceptible targets for transforming events, myoepithelial cells are resistant. Therefore, it can be said that myoepithelial
cells function as both autocrine as well as paracrine tumor suppressors. Our laboratory has found that myoepithelial cells
secrete a number of suppressor molecules including high amounts of diverse proteinase inhibitors and angiogenic inhibitors
but low amounts of proteinases and angiogenic factors compared to common malignant cell lines. This observation has been made
in vitro, in mice, and in humans and suggests that myoepithelial cells exert pleiotropic suppressive effects on tumor progression.
The gene expression profile of myoepithelial cells may explain the pronounced anti-invasive and anti-angiogenic effects of
myoepithelial cells on carcinoma cells and may also account for the reduced malignancy of myoepithelial tumors, which are
devoid of appreciable angiogenesis and invasive behavior. |
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Keywords: | myoepithelial cells tumor suppression expression profile angiogenic inhibitors proteinase inhibitors |
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