4种医疗器械清洗效果评价方法的比较

目的观察不同方法评价医疗器械清洗效果,以寻找清洗质量评价方法。方法采用ATP生物荧光法评价医疗器械清洗效果,并与肉眼裸视法、校正视力法、隐血试验法作平行比较。结果直接清洗组20件污染器械用酶洗剂直接浸泡5 min清洗后,用肉眼裸视法检测全部为合格;校正视力法检出阳性7件;隐血试验法检测20件全部为阳性。预清洗组用酶洗液浸泡5 min后清洗20件器械,用校正视力法检出阳性3件;隐血试验法检测6件为阳性,用ATP生物荧光法检测20件器械检出RLU平均值为3017;RLU值平均降低率为99.94%。结论清洗效果4种评价方法的灵敏度依次为:ATP生物荧光法、隐血试验法、校正视力法和肉眼裸视法;建议采用ATP生物荧光法评价清洗效果,RLU值≤2000作为医疗器械清洗干净的合格判定标准。

STUDY OF FOUR METHODS FOR EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF CLEANING MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS

Objective To observe different methods for evaluating efficacy of cleaning medical instruments in order to search for a method for evaluating washing quality.Methods ATP bioluminescence assay was used to evaluate the efficacy in cleaning medical instruments,and compared with naked eye observation,corrected eyesight method and occult blood test.Results After 5-minutes immersion in enzyme lotion followed by washing,the cleaning efficacy of all 20 polluted medical instruments in the group of direct washing was eligible by naked eye observation,7 of them were positive by corrected eyesight method and all were positive by occult blood test.Same treatment was performed on other 20 polluted but prewashed medical instruments.Three of them were found positive by corrected eyesight method and 6 were positive by occult blood test.The average relative light unit(RLU)of treated instruments in the prewashed group was 3017,and the average reduction rate of RLU was 99.94%.Conclusions The sensitivity for evaluating cleaning efficacy in order from high to low is ATP bioluminescence,occult blood test,corrected eyesight method and naked eye observation.It is suggested that ATP bioluminescence assay can be used for evaluating the washing efficacy and RLU≤2000 can be used as satisfactory criterion for evaluating the cleaning efficacy of medical instruments.